Adrenoceptor blockers ANS Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of phenoxybenzamine
It covalently binds to the alpha receptor
What is the mechanism of action of alpha blockers besides phenoxybenzamine
They are competitive antagonists they can be overcome by increasing the concentration of agonists
Which type of alpha blockers cause more reflex tachycardia In response to reduced blood pressure
Nonselective alpha blockers
Which alpha blocker also has receptor blocking effects of serotonin and H1 anti-histamine affects
PhenoxyBenzamine
Name nonselective alpha blockers
- Phentolamine
- Tolazoline
- Phenoxybenzamine 
Name selective alpha-1 blockers
- Prazosin
- Terazosin
- doxazosin
- tamsulosin
- alfuzosin 
Name selective alpha-2 blockers
Yohimbine
What is the longest selective alpha-1 blocker
Doxazosin
Which alpha one selective blocker is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia
Alfuzosin
Which drug is used in inoperable cases of pheochromocytoma
Phenoxybenzamine
What are the two types of medication needed for pheochromocytoma
Beta blockers and alpha receptor blockers
What are the uses of alpha blockers
- Pheochromocytoma
- Hypertensive emergencies
- Essential hypertension
- benign prosthetic hyperplasia
- tissue necrosis
- male sexual disfunction
- Others
Which drug is used for patients who have begnin prosthetic hyperplasia but normal blood pressure
Tamsulosin
Which alpha agonist along with Papaverine is used to treat male sexual disfunction
Phentolamine
Which beta blockers are beta one selective
“Rule”
All blockers whose names start with the letters “a” through “m”are beta 1 selective except “c”
Which beta blocker does not have local anaesthetic affects and is used for glaucoma
Timolol 
What is the longest acting beta blocker
Nadolol
Which beta blockers are less soluble and less likely to enter the CNS
Atenolol
nadolol
acebutolol
Which groups of drugs are used in glaucoma
- Beta blockers (Timolol, Levobunolol)
- Prostaglandins (latanoprost)
- Cholinomimetics (Pilocarpine, physostigmine)
- Alpha agonists (nonselective, Epinephrine)
- Alpha two selective agonists (Apraclonidine, Brimonidine)
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (Acetazolamide, dorzolamide)
- Osmotic agents (mannitol)
Which alpha blocker is used to treat Reynards phenomenon
Phenoxybenzamine
Which nonselective Beta blocker can be used to treat thyrotoxicosis
Propranolol
Name drugs that are both alpha and beta blockers
Labetalol
carvedilol
Name nonselective beta blockers
- Propranolol
- Timolol
- nadolol
- pindolol
- sotalol
- Levobunolol
Name beta one selective blockers
- Atenolol
- acebutolol
- bisoprolol
- esmolol
- Metoprolol 
- Betaxolol
- Celiprolol
- Nebivolol 
Name beta two selective blocker That is only used in research
Butoxamine
Which beta blockers have local anaesthetic activity
- Propranolol
- acebutolol
- carvedilol
- labetalol
- metoprolol
- pindolol
What are the adverse effects of beta blockers
- CVS:bradycardia heart block congestive heart failure
- respiratory: bronchospasm
3.CNS: sleep disturbances, hallucinations, fatigue - hypoglycaemia is delayed
- muscular weakness due to reduced blood flow to skeletal muscles
- withdrawl symptoms
Why can’t propranolol and verapamil be used at the same time
Drug interaction, additive cardiac depressant affects
Why can’t propranolol be taken with lignocaine
Propranolol reduces the clearance of lignocaine by decreasing hepatic blood flow.
What is the interaction between beta blockers and cholestyramine and colestipol
They interfere with the absorption of Beta blockers
Why can’t beta blockers be taken with insulin
Betta blockers inhibit glycogenolysis and delay recovery from hypoglycaemia
NSAIDS cannot be used with propranolol why?
They counteract the anti-hypertensive effect of Beta blockers
What is the interaction between propranolol and chlorpromazine
Propranolol increases the bioavailability of chlorpromazine
What are the therapeutic uses of Beta blockers
- Hypertension
- Prophylaxis of myocardial infarction and angina
- cardiac arrhythmias
- congenital congestive cardiac failure
- pheochromocytoma
- glaucoma
- prophylaxis for migraine
- hyperthyroidism
- essential tremors
- acute anxiety states
- alcohol withdrawal
- hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
What is the drug choice for a man who has hypertension and benign Prostatic hyperplasia
Alpha blocker such as prazosin
