Antipsychotics

Question 1

Olanzapine

Answer 1

• second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) medication used to treat psychotic and mood disorders.
• SGAs are commonly used as first-line agents due to their lower risk of extrapyramidal side effects compared to first-generation antipsychotics.
• SGAs are associated with metabolic adverse effects (eg, weight gain, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, increased risk of diabetes) to varying degrees
• Among the SGAs, olanzapine and clozapine carry the greatest risk
• Patients taking SGAs require routine monitoring of metabolic parameters, including weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and lipid profile.

Question 2

clozapine

Answer 2

1% risk of agranulocytosis and requires regular monitoring of the absolute neutrophil count.

atypical antipsychotic that blocks D2 (dopamine) and 5HT2 (serotonin) receptors in the CNS.

• most helpful in treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
• most serious side effects of clozapine include agranulocytosis and seizures.

Question 3

ziprasidone

Answer 3

second-generation antipsychotics

- most often associated with prolongation of the QT interval.

Question 4

risperidone

Answer 4

has been associated with a greater risk of prolactin elevation.