Antipsychotics Flashcards
1
Q
Name 3 conventional typical antipsychotics
A
- phenothiazines: trifluoperazine, chlorpromazine
* butyrophenone: Haloperidol
2
Q
Moa typical antipsychotics?
A
Block dopamine receptors at, . mesocortical pathway! (worsen Negative symptoms ) •Mesolimbic (positive symptoms) • nigrostriatal (motor) • tuberoinfundibular (prolactin) • chemoreceptor trigger zone • medullary periventricular (eating)
3
Q
Moa atypical antipsychotics?
A
Block dopamine 2 receptors at, . mesocortical pathway: block serotonin 5-ht2a - increased dopamine here and alleviate negative symptoms •Mesolimbic (positive symptoms) • nigrostriatal (motor) • tuberoinfundibular (prolactin) • chemoreceptor trigger zone • medullary periventricular (eating)
4
Q
Name 5 atypical antipsychotics
A
• Clozapine • quietiapine Risperidone • olanzapine • ziprasidone • aripiprazole
5
Q
Schizophrenia which neurotransmitter involved?
A
Dopamine (increased) in mesolimbic pathway (positive symptoms)
6
Q
Side effects typical antipsychotics? (6)
A
- Nigrostriatal block:extrapyramidal acute (dystonia, akathisia, pseudoParkinsonism) and tardive ( tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome) symptoms
- mesocortical block: worsen negative symptoms, cognition
- tuberoinfundibular block:hyperprolactinaemia - galactorrhoea, oligomenorrhoea, Gynaecomastia.
- muscarinic block: dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation
- h1 block: sedation, weight gain
- alpha 1 adrenergic block: orthostatic hypotension,reflex tachycardia.
7
Q
Which 2 side effects are better in atypical antipsychotics
A
- Worsening negative symptoms, cognition: actually improve
- EPSE
But weight gain worse.
8
Q
Name 5 adverse effects clozapine
A
- Agranulocytosis!
- cardiomyopathy and myocarditis
- Toxic megacolon
- seizures
- metabolic syndrome and weight gain
- Sedation
9
Q
Name 3 contraindications risperidone
A
- hyperglycaemia and DM
- Parkinson’s
- pregnancy
10
Q
Treatment neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
A
Dantrolene
