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Pharmacology 2100 > Antipsychotic drugs > Flashcards

Antipsychotic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what is schizophrenia

A

chronic psychosis with deterioration of functional capacity

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2
Q

positive symptoms of schiz

A

hallucinations
delusions
disorganized speech
abnormal precense

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3
Q

negative symptoms

A 
avolition(no motivation) 
algoia (poverty of speech) 
anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure)
blunted effect 
absence of normal characteristics
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4
Q

what is the mechanism of schiz

A

too much mesolimbic dopamine causes postive symptoms

low dopamine in the mesocortical pathway causes negative symptoms

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5
Q

what is the mesolimbic system

A

ventral tegmental area activates nucleus accumbens through dop2

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6
Q

what is the mesocortical system

A

ventral tegmental area activates prefrontal cortex through dop1

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7
Q

how do most antipsychotics work

A

block d2 dopamine receptors relieveing postive symptoms

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8
Q

what do atypical antipsychotics work on

A

inhibit dopamine 1 and 2 relieving both positive and negative symptoms

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9
Q

examples of typical antipsychotics

A

chlorpromazine
fluphenazine
haloperidol
thiothixene

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10
Q

what are the adverse effects caused by

A

receptor non selectivity

blockade of non-mesolimbic d2 dopaminergic pathways

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11
Q

what are the adverse effects caused by receptor non-selectivity

A

antimuscarinic
alpha1 adrenergic blockade
histamine blockade

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12
Q

what is the nirgrostriatal pathway

A

substantia nigra activates striatum through dop D2 to coordinate voluntary movement

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13
Q

how do antipsychotics effect the nigrostriatal pathway

A

block d2 causing extrapyramidal side effects

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14
Q

what are the extrapyramidal side effects

A

parkinsons
akathisia (motor restlessness)
acute dystonic reactions
tardive dyskinesia

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15
Q

what is the tuberoinfundibular pathway

A

hypothalamus inhibits pituitary prolactin secretion through D2

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16
Q

how do antipsychotics affect the tuberoinfundibular pathway

A

block d2 causing increase prolactin production

17
Q

side effects of blocking the tuberoinfundibular pathway

A

women- lactation ammenorrhea infertility

men- lactation impotence decreased libido gynecomastia

18
Q

advantages of atypical antipsychotics

A

reduced d2 affinity so less extrapyrimidal side effects

also blockes 5ht2 receptors which decreases negative symptoms

19
Q

how do atypical treat the negative symptoms

A

inhibits serotonin receptor which inhibits D1 so increases the mesocortical dopamine

20
Q

what are some drug interactions

A

other sedatives
metoclopramide
SSRI antidepressants
antimuscarinics

21
Q

dominant adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics

A

weight gain

hyperglycemia

Pharmacology 2100 (13 decks)

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