Antipsychoitics

Question 1

How do typical anti-psychoitics work? Side effects?

Answer 1

They work by inhibit 70-80% of Dopaminergic (receptor antagonists). As a side effect, they can inhibit DOpaminergic activation of the basal ganglion, and cause parkison like symptoms.

Question 2

Haloperidole (MAO and Uses)

Answer 2

Typical antipsychoitic: Blocks 75% od D2 receptors. Chronic administration leas to neuronal (D2) blockade; drug must first accumulate for 2-3 weeks. TREATS POSITIVE SYMPTOMS, like dellusions and hallucinations. Also used in Grilles de la Tourette’s.

Question 3

Haloperidole toxicity

Answer 3

1) Parkinson like motor side effects. 2) Long term use - rabbit eye (periorbital tremor) and tardive dyskinesia. 3) Hyperprolactinemia. 4) Little antiadreneric and anticholinergic effects seen (little dry mouth, urinry retention, orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, little sedation. 5) weight gain 6) prolonged QT 7) neuroepileptic malignant syndrome (rare ANS collapse). CATEGORY C

Question 4

How do atypical antipsychoitics work?

Answer 4

Block 50% of D2 receptors and 80% of 5-HT2A receptors.

Question 5

What are the 2 main atypical anti-psychoitics?

Answer 5

Clozapine and Risperidone

Question 6

What is the major side effect when giving atypical antipsychoitics?

Answer 6

Metabolic disturbances such as weight gain, hyperlipidemia, Diabetes mellitus, and clozapine has agranulocytosis effect!

Question 7

When are atypical anti-psychoitics (clozapine, risperidone) used?

Answer 7

When the patint has both postive (dellusions, etc.) and negative (social withdraw, depressed affect, etc.) symptoms.

Question 8

The extended use f haloperidole in a psychoitic patient will cause what phenomenon?

Answer 8

Tardvie dykinesia, repetitive movements of the face, tongue, lips, etc.