Antiprotozoans

Question 1

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 1

Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine

Question 2

Trypanosoma brucei

Answer 2

Suramin (blood-borne disease), melarsoprol (CNS)

Question 3

Trypanosoma cruzi

Answer 3

Nifurtimox, benznidazole

Question 4

Leishmaniasis

Answer 4

Sodium stibogluconate, amphotericin B

Question 5

Giardia lamblia

Answer 5

Metronidazole

Question 6

Entamoeba histolytica

Answer 6

Metronidazole, iodoquinol (asymptomatic)

Question 7

Cryptosporidium

Answer 7

Nitazoxanide

Question 8

Naegleria fowleri

Answer 8

Amphotericin B

Question 9

Babesia

Answer 9

Atovaquone and azithromycin

Question 10

Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 10

Metronidazole

Question 11

Plasmodium

Answer 11

Chloroquine
If resistant, use mefloquine or atovaquone/proguanil
If life-threatening, use IV quinidine, quinine, or artesunate.
If vivax/ovale, add primaquine
If falciparum, use artemether/lumefantrine or atovaquone/proguanil.

Question 12

Chloroquine

Answer 12

Blocks detoxification of heme into hemozoin. Heme accumulates and is toxic to plasmodia.
Treatment of plasmodia species other than P. falciparum (high frequency of resistance in P. falciparum).
Resistance due to membrane pump that decreases cellular concentration of drug.
Retinopathy, pruritis (especially in dark-skinned individuals).