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Pharma 2 > Antiplatelet And Anticoagulant > Flashcards

Antiplatelet And Anticoagulant Flashcards

1
Q

Thromboxane synthesis inhibitor (Antiplatelet)

A

Acetylsalicylic acid

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2
Q

GP 2b3a receptor antagonist (antiplatelet)

A

Tirofiban

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3
Q

ADP receptor antagonist (antiplatelet)

A

Clopidogrel and ticagrelor

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4
Q

Antiplatelets are

A

Thromboxane synthesis inhibitor,GP 2b3a receptor antagonist and ADP receptor antagonist

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5
Q

Thromboxane synthesis inhibitor or Aspirin inhibits the enzyme

A

COX 1

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6
Q

GP 2b3a receptor are needed for

A

Platelets aggregation

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7
Q

ADP induce upregulation of

A

GP 2b3a receptor

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8
Q

Final stage of platelets aggregation

A

Fibrinogen binding to receptor

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9
Q

Use of thromboxane synthesis inhibitor

A

Secondary cerebrovascular and cardiovascular thrombosis prevention and ACS

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10
Q

Side E of Aspirin

A

Bleeding from GIT

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11
Q

GP 2b3a receptor antagonist use

A

ACS

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12
Q

ADP receptor also known as

A

P2Y12 receptors

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13
Q

Clopidogrel is a prodrug that should be activated by

A

CYP450 and does irreversible inhibition throughout life of PLT

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14
Q

Ticagrelor does

A

Reversible inhibition of P2Y12 receptor and also indirectly inhibit Gp2b3a receptor

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15
Q

Clinical use of ADP receptor antagonist

A

2 prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular y and dual antiplatelet therapy for ACS and post ACS

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16
Q

In using Ticagrelor, PLT restore fn in

A

36 to 48 hr

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17
Q

Risk of bleeding in antiplatelet agents increase with

A

NSAIDS and GC

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18
Q

In case of aspirin intolerance —— is used

A

Clopidogrel

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19
Q

Non selective indirect coagulation factor inhibitor

A

Heparin(HMW), Enoxaparin (LMW)

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20
Q

Selective indirect inhibitors of factor 10a

A

Fondaparinux

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21
Q

Selective direct inhibitor of factor 2a

A

Dabigatran

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22
Q

Selective direct inhibitor of factor 10a

A

Rivaroxaban and apixaban

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23
Q

Zymogen synthesis inhibitor or vit K antagonist

A

Warfarin

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24
Q

Ischemic heart disease treatment

A

Anti Ischemic therapy,anti platelets agents and lipid correcting agents

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25
Q

Acute Coronary syndrome treatment

A

Nitrate, oxygen therapy, analgesia and antiplatelet therapy

26
Q

In case of DVT,INR is

A

2 to 3

27
Q

INR is

A

Patients clotting time to mean normalized clotting time

28
Q

Antithrombin 3 is a

A

Physiological Inactivator of serum proteases synthesized in liver

29
Q

To treat Afib

A

Anticoagulant can be used

30
Q

INR monitoring is required for

A

Vit K antagonist therapy

31
Q

Complications of anticoagulant therapy are

A

Uncontrolled bleeding

32
Q

Treatment with selective factor 10 a and 2a should be discontinued

A

24 to 48hr before surgery

33
Q

Vit K antagonist therapy should be discontinued

A

1 to 5 days before surgery (depends on INR)

34
Q

Antidote of heparin

A

Protamine sulphate

35
Q

SE of heparin

A

Hemorrhage and heparin induced Thrombocytopenia

36
Q

Heparin use

A

DVT prevention and therapy and ACS

37
Q

Heparin toxicity can cause severe bleeding from

A

Abdominal walls, subcutaneously,spinal hematoma, intracranial bleeding

38
Q

Heparin inhibition ratio

A

1:1

39
Q

Enoxaparin inhibition ratio

A

2:1 to 4:1 mainly inhibits factor 10 than 2

40
Q

Rivaroxaban use

A

DVT and PE treatment and prevention,stroke prevention (Afib)

41
Q

Rivaroxaban antidote

A

Andexanet alpha

42
Q

Dabigatran antidote

A

Idarucizumab

43
Q

Warfarin

A

Vit K epoxide reductase inhibition (inhibition of vit K conversion)inhibition of synthesis of 2,7,,9,10 factors ,inhibition of protein c and s

44
Q

Therapeutic effect of warfarin reach at day

A

5

45
Q

Vit K is required for

A

Glutamic acid carboxylation reaction

46
Q

Max effect of warfarin reached on —days

A

2to 3 daya

47
Q

T1/2 of warfarin

A

35 hrs

48
Q

Warfarin toxicity

A

Teratogenic, ecchymoses, subconjunctival hemorrhage, gingival bleeding, internal organ bleeding like GIT, intracranial bleeding

49
Q

Warfarin toxicity treatment

A

PCC (prothrombin complex concentrate), FFP iv and phytamenadione ( vitk) iv/po

50
Q

Thrombolytic/fibrinolytic agents

A

Alteplase

51
Q

Overdose of alteplase cause

A

Intracranial hemorrhage

52
Q

Use of alteplase

A

ACS, pulmonary embolism, ischemic stroke therapy

53
Q

Alteplase and streptokinase promotes the conversation of plasminogen to plasmin while ——+inhibits ot

A

Tranexamic acid (antifibronolytic)

54
Q

Antihemorrhagic or hemostatic agents are

A

Fibrinolysis inhibitor (tranexamic acid) and vasopressin receptor agonist (desmopressin)

55
Q

Hemophilia A

A

Inherited decreased factor 8

56
Q

Von willebrands disease

A

Mucosal-skin hemorrhage

57
Q

Von willebrands factor

A

Plasma glycoprotein involved in both primary hemostasis and coagulation process,acts as factor 8 transporter.So imp role in platelets adhesion and thrombus formation process

58
Q

Tranexamic acid (reversible lysine analogue) use

A

Complications of fibrinolytic (thrombolytic therapy or hyperfibrinolysis;massive bleeding or it’s prognosis

59
Q

Tranexamic acid SE

A

Seizures at high dose

60
Q

Tranexamic acid interactions with oral contraceptive cause risk of

A

Thrombosis

61
Q

Desmopressin (vasopressin analogue)V2 receptor agonists

A

Increase factor 8 and Von willebrands factor and increase platelets adhesion in arterial and venous endotheo

62
Q

Use of desmopressin

A

Scheduled surgery in patients with hemophilia a and Von willebrands disease; bleeding control in patients with prolonged blood flow time

Pharma 2 (7 decks)

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