antiparasitics Flashcards
what are the 3 categories of antiparasitics
Anthelmintics, Amebicides, Insecticides
what do Anthelmintics kill
helminthes (ex. Nematodes, cestodes)
what do Amebicides kill
protoza (ex. coccidia)
what do Insecticides kill
arthropods (ex. Ticks, lice)
why poor response to antiparasitics?
- Incorrect drug for parasite
- Incorrect dosage/administration
- Incorrect timing with respect to lifecycle
- Rapid reinfestation
- Drug resistance
Avermectins used for
nematodes including larval stages and arthropods- lice, mites, ticks
what is avermectin not used for
flukes and tapeworm (platyhelminths)
or protozoa (toxoplasma)
Avermectin toxicity
- Certain collie breeds have shown sensitivity to ivermectin
- Murray Grey cattle have shown sensitivity
- Ataxia, tremors, pupil dilation, depression
what avermectin has 0 withdrawal time
Eprinomectin
what are Benzimidazoles used for
- Nematodes (roundworms)
Some cover trematodes (flukes) and/or cestodes
(tapeworm)
Benzimidazoles toxicity
- Can see vomiting and diarrhea
- Embryotoxicity: Don’t use on pregnant animals
- Nematode resistance
- Albendazole can cause aplastic anemia in dogs, cats, and humans
Albendazole toxicity
aplastic anemia in dogs, cats, and humans
Tetrahydropyrimidines used for
Mature and some migrating nematodes
Adverse Side Effects of Tetrahydropyrimidines
Increased resp, profuse sweating, ataxia
what are Organophosphates used for
Insects, mites, limited nematodes
● Clinical use:
○ Extensively as an insecticide
○ Topicals - Dusts, shampoos, flea & tick collars, ear tags
○ Systemics - flea control, horse bots, cattle warbles
