anti fungal anti viral Flashcards
topical fungal disease in horses
ringworm , rainscald
what does Aspergillosis cause?
Poultry - lung infection
Cattle - abortion
Dogs - nasal infection
what does Blastomycosis cause
Pneumonia in small animal
how do antifungals work?
○ Inhibit cell wall formation
○ Disrupt protein synthesis
what is Amphotericin B used for
Systemic antifungal
Uses:
○ Blastomyces
○ Aspergillus
○ Histoplasma
how is Amphotericin B given
IV only
Amphotericin B toxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
○ Most canine patients will show some degree of renal toxicity after receiving the drug
○ Monitor renal function
○ Cats are more sensitive - decrease dose - GI - vomiting
- Anemia
what is Griseofluvin used for
Oral use for dermatophytosis
Not effective against other fungal diseases
Griseofluvin Mechanism of Action
Fungistatic
○ Dietary fat enhances absorption
how is Griseofluvin metabolized
Liver - a few passes to make it water soluble
○ Then metabolite excreted by kidney
Griseofluvin toxicities
- GI upset - v/d
- Hepatotoxicity (photosensitization) - rare
○ Cats - increased sensitivity as they Lack enzyme for metabolism - Inhibits spermatogenesis
- Teratogen in cats (likely dogs as well): Can cause skeletal and brain malformations if given during first trimester
how is Nystatin given
oral, topical
Nystatin toxicities
High doses can result in GI upset
what is Nystatin used for
- Oral or GI Candida infections in dogs, cats, & birds
- Yeast infections - ears, skin, mm
Enilconazole (Imaverol) used for
ringworm in dogs and horses
