Antimicrobials: Part 7: Adverse effects of drugs that affect protein synthesis

Question 1

What are the adverse effects of aminoglycosides?

Answer 1

• Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity (ATN)
• Not good for pregnancy due to the ototoxicity

-Neuromuscular blockage (rare side effect), blocks release of ACh at NMJ. Absolute contraindication for myasthenia gravis patients.

Question 2

What are the adverse effects of tigecycline?

Answer 2

GI symptoms

Question 3

What are the adverse effects of tetracyclines?

Answer 3

• GI distress
• Photosensitivity
• Discolors teeth of children under 8 yo, and can chelate with calcium in bone and inhibit bone growth
• Teratogenic (because can also mess with baby’s teeth and bones)

Question 4

What are the adverse effects of macrolides?

Answer 4

• Nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain (erythromycin the worst offender)
• QT prolongation (also erythromycin)
• Can cause acute cholestatic hepatitis
• Rash, eosinophilia
• P450 enzyme inhibitors (clarithromycin and erythromycin)

Question 5

What are the adverse effects of linezolid?

Answer 5

• Weak MOA inhibitor, can cause serotonin syndrome, especially when given with SSRIs
• Bone marrow suppression

Question 6

What are the adverse effects of clindamycin?

Answer 6

C diff, yo!!!

Question 7

What are the adverse effects of chloramphenicol?

Answer 7

Anemia, aplastic anemia, and gray baby syndrome (gray skin, hypotension, fatal)