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First Aid Heme-Onc Chapter > Antimetabolite Oncology Pharm > Flashcards

Antimetabolite Oncology Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

MoA of Azathioprine and 6-Mercaptopurine?

A

Purine (thiol) analogs -> decreased de novo purine synthesis

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2
Q

Azathioprine and 6-MP must be activated by what?

A

HGPRT

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3
Q

Azathioprine is metabolized to what?

A

6-Mercaptopurine

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4
Q

Azathioprine and 6-MP have increased toxicity with what drug and why?

A

Allopurinol and Febuxostat

Azathioprine and 6-MP are normally metabolized by Xanthine Oxidase

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5
Q

MoA of Cladribine

A

Purine analog

inhibits DNA polymerase

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6
Q

Clinical use of Cladribine?

A

Hairy Cell Leukemia

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7
Q

ADR of Cladribine

A

Myelosuppression
Nephrotoxicity
Neurotoxicity

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8
Q

MoA of Cytarabine

A

Pyrimidine Analog -> inhibits DNA Polymerase

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9
Q

Clinical Use of Cytarabine

A

AML

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10
Q

ADR of CYTarabine

A

Myelosuppression
Megaloblastic Anemia
PanCYTopenia

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11
Q

MoA of 5-Fluorouracil

A

Pyrimidine analog which covalently complexes folic acid.

inhibits thymidylate synthase -> decreased DNA synthesis

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12
Q

5-FU must be bioactivated to what metabolite?

A

5-FdUMP

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13
Q

What drug can be used topically to treat basal cell carcinoma?

A

5-FU

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14
Q

Clinical Use of 5-FU? (3)

A

Colon Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma (topical)

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15
Q

ADR of 5-FU?

A

Myelosuppression

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16
Q

What drug interacts with 5-FU to enhance its clinical use and worsen its side effects?

A

Leucovorin (folinic acid)

17
Q

MoA of Methotrexate?

A

Folic Acid analog that competitively inhibits dihydrofolate reductase -> decreased dTMP -> decreased DNA synthesis

18
Q

What cancers can Methotrexate treat?

A

ALL and choriocarcinoma

19
Q

What OB/GYN uses are there for Methotrexate?

A

ectopic pregnancy and medical abortion (with misoprostol)

20
Q

What non-neoplastic uses are there for Methotrexate?

A

Immunosuppressant: RA, Psoriasis, IBD, Vasculitis

21
Q

What can be given with MTX to avoid toxicity?

A

Leucovorin Rescue to reverse Myelosuppression

22
Q

What are the toxicities of MTX? (4)

A

Myelosuppression
Hepatotoxicity
Mucositis (mouth ulcers)
Pulmonary Fibrosis

First Aid Heme-Onc Chapter (8 decks)

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