Antiinfective Drugs

Question 1

Aerobes

Answer 1

Organism that is able to grow in the presence of oxygen.

Question 2

Anaerobes

Answer 2

Organism that is not able to grow in the presence of oxygen.

Question 3

Antibacterial

Answer 3

An agent that inhibits bacterial growth, impedes replication of bacteria, or kills bacteria.

Question 4

Antibiotic

Answer 4

An agent produced by a microorganism or semisynthetically that has the ability to inhibit the growth of or kill microorganisms.

Question 5

Antimicrobial drugs

Answer 5

Drugs that kill microorganisms or suppress their multiplication or growth.

Question 6

Antimicrobial residues

Answer 6

Presence of an antimicrobial (antibiotic) or its metabolites in food products or animal tissues.

Question 7

Antimicrobial resistance

Answer 7

Develops when microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, no longer respond to a drug that previously was effective.

Question 8

Antiseptics

Answer 8

Substances used on the skin to prevent the growth or bacteria or to provide preoperative cleansing of the skin.

Question 9

Bacteria

Answer 9

Single-celled microorganisms that usually have a rigid cell wall and a round, rod-like, or spiral shape.

Question 10

Bactericidal

Answer 10

An agent with the ability to kill bacteria.

Question 11

Bacteriostatic

Answer 11

An agent that inhibits the growth or reproduction of bacteria.

Question 12

Beta-lactamase

Answer 12

Enzymes that reduce the effectiveness of certain antibiotics; beta-lactamase I is penicillinase; beta-lactamase II is cephalosporinase.

Question 13

Detergent

Answer 13

An agent that cleanses.

Question 14

Disinfect

Answer 14

To make free of pathogens or make them inactive.

Question 15

Disinfectant

Answer 15

A chemical agent applied to inanimate objects to destroy or inhibit growth of microorganism.

Question 16

Efficacy

Answer 16

The extent to which a drug causes the intended effect in a patient.

Question 17

Fungicidal

Answer 17

An agent that kills fungi.

Question 18

Fungistatic

Answer 18

An agent that inhibits the growth of fungi.

Question 19

In vitro

Answer 19

Within an artificial environment.

Question 20

In vivo

Answer 20

Within the living body.

Question 21

Iodophor

Answer 21

An iodine compound with a longer activity period that results from the combination of iodine and a carrier molecule that releases iodine over time.

Question 22

Microorganism

Answer 22

An organism that is microscopic (e.g.: bacterium, protozoan, Rickettsia, virus, and fungus).

Question 23

Nephrotoxic

Answer 23

Toxic to the kidneys.

Question 24

Ototoxic

Answer 24

Toxic to the ears.

Question 25

Sporicidal

Answer 25

An agent capable of killing spores.

Question 26

Tachypnea

Answer 26

Rapid breathing.

Question 27

Teratogenic

Answer 27

An agent that causes harm to the developing fetus.

Question 28

Thrombophlebitis

Answer 28

Inflammation of a vein associated with a thrombus formation.