Antihistaminicos Flashcards

1
Q

Tejidos con mayor contenido de histamina

A

Pulmones

Mucosa nasal

Estomago

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2
Q

De donde se sintetiza la histamina

A

Decarboxilacion de histidina

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3
Q

Estimulos para liberacion de histamina

A

Daño tisular

Reaccion alergica

Drogas y compuestos exogenos

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4
Q

Receptores de Histamina

A
  • H1 ( aumenta calcio intracelular)
  • H2 ( incrementaa AMPciclico)
    -H 3
    3 y 4 ( disminuyen AMP CICLICO)
    -H4
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5
Q

Donde se encuentran los receptores

A

H1: musculo liso, endotelio vascular y CNS

H2: cel parietales, neutrofilos, utero

H3: pulmones, TGI,

H4: colon, higado, meduoa osea

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6
Q

Mecanismo de accion de antihistaminicos

A

Antagonismo competitivo de histamina en rec H, reversible

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7
Q

Efectos faramacologicos

A
  • inhiben contracción gastrointestinal
  • inhiben contracción de musculo liso bronquial
  • disminuyen permeabilidas capilar
  • inhiben prurito( picazon)
  • inhiben secrecion aumentado de glandulas salivales y lacrimales
  • inhiben liberacion de epi, estimulado por Histamina
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8
Q

Antagonistas H1

A
  • Acrivastina
  • olopatadina
  • cetirizina
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9
Q

Antagonistas H2

A
  • metiamida
  • cimetidina
  • famotidina
  • Ranitidina
  • nizaridina
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10
Q

Efectos adversos

A

Sedación

Fatiga/ mareos

Falta de coordinación

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11
Q

Efectos secundarios utiles

A

Inhibición de nausea por mareos de movimientos

Leve actividad anti-parkinsonismo

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12
Q

Donde se matabolizan

A

En el higado

Duracion de 4-6 hrs

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13
Q

Usos terapéuticos

A
  • alergias nasales
  • dermatosis alergicas
  • anafilaxis sistemica
  • asma
  • gripe
  • nausea por movimiento
  • inductores del sueño
  • pre terapia transfusional
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14
Q

Usos en odontologia

A
  • sedaccion leve
  • pre medicacion para anestesia general
  • inhibicion de secreciones salivales y bronquiales
  • disminuye nausea y vomitos
  • reaccion alergicas locales
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15
Q

Interacciones importantes

A
    • antifungicos alteran ritmo cardiaco
  • alteran metabolismo hepatico con antibióticos
  • dosis altas, alucinaciones, temblores
  • muerte por sobredosis
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