Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology/Immunology > antigens and antibodies > Flashcards

antigens and antibodies Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

immunogenicity

A

property of a molecule that allows it to induce an immune response
increased when a molecule is injected along with an “adjuvant,” which prolongs molecule’s retention in the body so that a more vigorous response can be mounted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

antigenicity

A

property of a molecule that allows it to react with an antibody
all immunogens are antigenic, but not all antigens are immunogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

hapten

A

small molecules that cannot induce antibody formation but can react with antibody
must be coupled to a carrier molecule in order to induce antibody formation
an antigen, but not an immunogen
e.g., penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

five features required to generate immune response against an immunogen

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mechanisms by which neoantigens are formed

A

proteolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

linear vs conformational determinants

A

T lymphocytes can ONLY recognize linear

antibodies can recognize both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

most common antigen

A

IgG (70% of total Ig pool)

has longer half-life than other Igs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

most immunogenic antigen

A

IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

titer

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

monoclonal vs polyclonal antisera

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where is antibody found

A

surface of B lymphocytes
blood plasma/serum
surface of mast cells and basophils (IgE)
secretory fluids (saliva, milk)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cell types that express antibody

A

a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

IgG

A

most abundant Ig
secretory form is a monomer
good activator of classical complement pathway (G3 > G1 > G2)
G4 does not activate complement
predominant antibody produced in secondary immune response
only Ig capable of crossing the placenta
present in mother’s milk
IgG1 and 3 can opsonize and coat tumor/virus cells to facilitate ADCC by NK cells and macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IgM

A

secretory form is a pentamer
structure stabilized by J chain
excellent activator of complement (better than IgG)
predominant antibody produced in primary immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

IgD

A

low conc in serum
on surfaces of antigen-naive B lymphocytes along with IgM
important in signal transduction across plasma membrane resulting in antigen-driven B-cell activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

IgE

A

secreted as monomer
allergies and anaphylaxis
ADCC of parasitic infections

17
Q

IgA

A

mediator of mucosal immunity b/c can be transported across mucosal barriers
present in tears, colostrum, milk, saliva
in serum, a monomer; in secretions, a dimer
in serum, ratio of IgA1 to IgA2 is 4:1
in gut, ratio is 3:2
important in parasitic infections (helminths)

18
Q

affinity

A

strength of binding antigen for one antigen combining site

19
Q

avidity

A

overall strength of attachment of an antibody

takes into account how many antigen combining sites

20
Q

affinity maturation

A

average affinity for a population of antibodies increases with repeated immunization with antigen

21
Q

idiotype

A

a

22
Q

epitope

A

a

23
Q

specificity is due to

A

lymphocytes having cell membrane receptors that distinguish between epitopes

24
Q

immune responses abate with time due to

A

removal of antigen
activated lymphocytes dying within a short period by apoptosis
regulatory immune mechanisms

25
Q

examples of adjuvants

A

alum
mineral oil
lipids

26
Q

which antibody classes defend against parasites and worms via eosinophil-mediated ADCC

A

IgE and IgA

27
Q

which antibody class crosses the placenta

A

IgG

28
Q

which antibody class exists as a pentamer

A

IgM (secretory form)

29
Q

which antibody class activates complement best

A

IgM

30
Q

what is the predominant antibody class in the primary immune response

A

IgM

31
Q

what is the predominant antibody class in the secondary immune response

A

IgG

32
Q

which antibody class mediates mucosal immunity

A

IgA

33
Q

which antibody class exists as a dimer in secretory form

A

IgA

34
Q

which antibody class binds to mast cells and basophils to mediate allergies and anaphylaxis

A

IgE

35
Q

which antibody type is seen primarily on B cell surfaces, not in secreted form

A

IgD

Microbiology/Immunology (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions