Antifungs [19]

Question 1

Distributional selectivity

Answer 1

Drug selectively accumulated in parasitic cells
Administer drug into limited compartment colonised by parasite

Question 2

Antifungal targets

Answer 2

Cell membrane
Cytoskeleton

Question 3

Fungal infections

Answer 3

Superficial candidiasis (thrush)
Systemic candidiasis

Question 4

3 antifungal agents

Answer 4

Azole
Polyenes
Mitotic inhibitors

Question 5

Azole mechanism of action

Answer 5

Blocks P450 mediated step in ergasterol synthesis
(Block 14 alpha demethylase)
Ergosterol in cell wall decreases
Cell wall is leaky
Intracellular components flood out

Question 6

2 Azole examples

Answer 6

Imidazole (2N)
Triazole (3N)

Question 7

Eg of imidazole

Answer 7

Ketaconozole
Inhibits CYP3A4

Question 8

Eg of triazole

Answer 8

Fluconazole
Crossed BBB
Treats meningitis

Question 9

What is a similar drug to Azoles

Answer 9

Echinocandins
Inhibitor of glucan synthase
Needed for carbohydrate synthesis in cell wall

Question 10

Polyenes mechanism of action

Answer 10

Inserts hydrophilic components into cell wall
Makes a gap
Cell wall leaky
Poorly absorbed
Can’t treat systemic

Question 11

Mitotic inhibitor mechanism of action

Answer 11

Stops spindle formations
Inhibits pulling process in mitosis

Question 12

Where are worm infections usually

Answer 12

Lumen

Question 13

3 types of worm infection

Answer 13

Threadworms
Hookworms
Tapeworms

Question 14

3 worm infection medications

Answer 14

Mebendazole
Praziquantel
Piperazine

Question 15

Mebendazole mechanism of action

Answer 15

Stops beta tubulin polymerisation
Prevents glucose uptake by worm

Question 16

Praziquantel mechanism of action

Answer 16

Paralyses worm
Induces massive influx of calcium
Muscle contraction

Question 17

Piperazine mechanism of action

Answer 17

Paralyses using GABA
Inhibits GABA transmission
More contraction
(No toxic build up like praziquantel)