Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

POD Exam #2 > Antifungal Medications > Flashcards

Antifungal Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Amphotericin B: MOA

A
  • Binds ergosterol

- Alters membrane permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Amphotericin B and CNS activity

A

Poor penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Main adverse reaction with Amphotericin B use (1)

A

Nephrotoxicity, caused by vasoconstriction of afferent renal arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F Amphotericin B has an infusion related side effect

A

True, if given rapidly patients may report shaking, chills, fever
*Pre-medicate with NSAIDS, Aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Amphotericin B: Spectrum of Activity

A

All fungal infections (except rare instances)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Amphotericin B Lipid Complex

A

New Amphotericin is given as a lipid complex, which some studies show DECREASED NEPHROTOXICITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

5-Fluocytosine: MOA

A
  • Penetrates fungal cell wall
  • Altered by cytosine deaminase
  • Inhibits pyrimidine metabolism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

5-Fluocytosine and CNS

A

Good CNS penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Main adverse reaction associated with 5-Fluocytosine (1)

A

Bone marrow hypoplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When should 5-Fluocytosine be used?

A

Serious infections:

  • Candida
  • Cryptococcus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F 5-Fluocytosine is often administered with Amphotericin B

A

True, resistance is problematic when used alone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 broad categories of Azoles

A
  1. Imidazole

2. Triazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1 drug in the Imidazole category

A

Ketoconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

4 drugs in the Triazole category

A

Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Voriconazole
Posaconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Azole: MOA

A
  • Interfere with fungal cytochrome P450 enzymes

- Conversion of Lanosterol to Ergosterol cannot occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which Azole broad category is used the most. Why?

A

Traizoles have increased affinity for fungal p450 enzymes

17
Q

Ketoconazole causes decrease in what 2 serum levels

A
  • Testosterone

- Adrenocorticotropic hormone

18
Q

Drug interactions with Azole use (3)

A
  1. Antacids
  2. Cycolsporin (increased serum)
  3. Warfarin (increased anticoagulation)
19
Q

Which Azole drug is not commonly used in the United states?

A

Ketoconazole

20
Q

Which Azole is the primary treatment for CNS fungal infections

A

Fluconazole

21
Q

T/F Fluconazole is altered by gastric pH/Food in stomach

A

False

22
Q

What Azole drug is commonly used to treat systemic fungal infections

A

Itraconazole

23
Q

Which Azole is used to treat invasive aspergillosis

A

Voriconazole

24
Q

T/F Voriconazole serum levels are decreased in patients who have recently had a high fat meal

A

True

25
Q

What are 2 adverse reactions with Voriconazole use

A
  1. p450 Interactions

2. Visual disturbances

26
Q

What Azole is used in severely immunocompromised patients in treatment of Candida and Aspergillus infections?

A

Posaconazole

27
Q

T/F Posaconazole inhibits CYP34A

A

True

28
Q

Caspofungin acetate: MOA

A

Inhibition of gluten synthesis

29
Q

Why is caspofungin generally used as a second line drug?

A

Phlebitis, elevated Serum creatinine

30
Q

What is the indicated use of caspofungin acetate (2)

A
  1. Invasive aspergillosis

2. Candidiasis

31
Q

Griseofulvin: MOA

A

Disrupts mitotic spindle structure

32
Q

T/F Griseofulvin is a p450 suppressor

A

False. It is an inducer, meaning increased metabolism

33
Q

Main use of griseofulvin

A

Dermatophytosis

34
Q

Terbinafine: MOA

A
  • Squalene epoxidase inhibitor

- Inhibits sterol synthesis

35
Q

T/F Terbinafine interacts with p450

A

True

36
Q

Main use of Terbinafine

A

Onychomycosis (fungus under nail) after topical therapy has failed

37
Q

T/F Terbinafine is safe to give to pregnant patients

A

False

38
Q

3 main drugs to treat oral candidiasis (thrush)

A
  1. Nystatin (rinse)
  2. Clotrimazole troches (tablet)
  3. Amphotericin B suspension (rinse)

POD Exam #2 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions