Aminoglycosides

Question 1

Aminoglycoside Mechanism of Action

Answer 1

• Bind to outer membrane of cell, results in LPS rearrangement
• Enters cell to bind 30S/50S ribosomal complex

Question 2

T/F this drug has a PAE (post-antibiotic effect) and therefore utilizes concentration dependent killing

Answer 2

True

Question 3

4 most common Aminoglycosides

Answer 3

• Gentamicin
• Neomycin
• Amikacin
• Tobramycin

Question 4

Aminoglycoside: Spectrum of Activity

Answer 4

Gram - (up to SPACE)

Question 5

For what organisms can an aminoglycoside be administered to produce a “synergistic effect,” what drug is it paired with

Answer 5

• Gram +

- Paired with a beta-lactam

Question 6

Aminoglycoside, CNS penetration

Answer 6

Poor, even with inflammation. Only exception is neonates (possibly due to immature BBB)

Question 7

Aminoglycoside, Lung penetration

Answer 7

Poor

Question 8

2 major adverse effects from amino glycoside usage

Answer 8

• Ototoxicity (too high peaks)

- Nephrotoxicity (too high troughs)

Question 9

Explain the complication with aminoglycoside usage while on neuromuscular blockade. What is treatment

Answer 9

• Possible prolonged paralysis

- Administer 2g Calcium to the patient

Question 10

What drug is commonly used to suppress intestinal flora for colorectal surgery

Answer 10

Neomycin

Question 11

What drug is commonly used to clean operating room instruments

Answer 11

Gentamycin

Question 12

T/F this drug has a topical administration that can be used to treat eye, ear, and skin infections

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Why should patients receiving aminoglycoside therapy be monitored with lab testing

Answer 13

Narrow therapeutic index with adverse complications (ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity)