Aminoglycosides Flashcards
Aminoglycoside Mechanism of Action
- Bind to outer membrane of cell, results in LPS rearrangement
- Enters cell to bind 30S/50S ribosomal complex
T/F this drug has a PAE (post-antibiotic effect) and therefore utilizes concentration dependent killing
True
4 most common Aminoglycosides
- Gentamicin
- Neomycin
- Amikacin
- Tobramycin
Aminoglycoside: Spectrum of Activity
Gram - (up to SPACE)
For what organisms can an aminoglycoside be administered to produce a “synergistic effect,” what drug is it paired with
- Gram +
- Paired with a beta-lactam
Aminoglycoside, CNS penetration
Poor, even with inflammation. Only exception is neonates (possibly due to immature BBB)
Aminoglycoside, Lung penetration
Poor
2 major adverse effects from amino glycoside usage
- Ototoxicity (too high peaks)
- Nephrotoxicity (too high troughs)
Explain the complication with aminoglycoside usage while on neuromuscular blockade. What is treatment
- Possible prolonged paralysis
- Administer 2g Calcium to the patient
What drug is commonly used to suppress intestinal flora for colorectal surgery
Neomycin
What drug is commonly used to clean operating room instruments
Gentamycin
T/F this drug has a topical administration that can be used to treat eye, ear, and skin infections
True
Why should patients receiving aminoglycoside therapy be monitored with lab testing
Narrow therapeutic index with adverse complications (ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity)