antiepileptics

Question 1

benzodiazepines MOA

Answer 1

enhances GABA transmission, limits sustained neuronal firing

Question 2

lorazapam dosing for status

Answer 2

0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV

Question 3

midazolam dosing for status

Answer 3

0.2 mg/kg IIM

Question 4

diazepam dosing for status

Answer 4

0.15 mg/kg IV

Question 5

dosing adjustment for benzos

Answer 5

midaz - renal

all - hepatic

Question 6

AE of benzos

Answer 6

resp depression, impaired consciousness, hypotension, infusion site rxn, tolerance

Question 7

levetiracetam dosing

Answer 7

loading - 60 mg/kg IV

maintenance - 1-2 g/day

Question 8

levetiracetam AE

Answer 8

somnolence, asthenia, infection, dizziness, teratogenic

Question 9

phenytoin MOA

Answer 9

blockage of Na channels

Question 10

phenytoin dosing

Answer 10

loading - 20 mg/kg

maint - 100mg IVq8h; 5-6 mg/kg/day PO

Question 11

phenytoin interactions

Answer 11

CYP3A4, 2C9, 2C19

tube feedings

may need to adjust dose for low albumin

Question 12

phenytoin AES

Answer 12

purple glove syndrome, gingival hyperplasia, hypotension, arrhythmias, SJS, CNS AEs, QT prolongation, teratogenic

Question 13

valproic acid MOA

Answer 13

enhances GABA

Question 14

valproic acid dosing

Answer 14

15-60 mg/kg/day

hepatic adjustment

Question 15

valproic acid AEs

Answer 15

favorable!

weight gain, PCOS, liver dysfunction, hair thinning,m tremor, pancreatitis

“depabloat”

Question 16

carbamazepine MOA

Answer 16

na channel blocker

Question 17

carbamazepine AE

Answer 17

hyponatremia, teratogenic, leukopenia, ataxiaCNS changes - drowsiness, diplopia

Question 18

carbamazepine interactions

Answer 18

CYP3A4 & CYP1A2

oral contraceptives, warfarin, phenytoin, azoles, macrolides