Antidotes

Question 1

Apixaban

Answer 1

Andexxanet alfa

Question 2

Dabigatran

Answer 2

Idarucizumab

Question 3

Rivaroxaban

Answer 3

Adexanet alfa

Question 4

Heparin

Answer 4

Protamine sulphate

Question 5

Alcohol withdrawal

Answer 5

Chlordiazepoxide

Question 6

Paracetamol

Answer 6

Acetylcysteine

Question 7

Methotrexate

Answer 7

Folinic acid = calcium folinate

Folinic acid is used with cytotoxic drugs

Question 8

Warfarin

Answer 8

Vitamin K

Question 9

Opioid or narcotic analgesics

Answer 9

Naloxone

Question 10

Insulin

Answer 10

Glucose

Question 11

Digoxin

Answer 11

Digoxin-specific antibody

Question 12

Iron

Answer 12

Desferrioxamine mesilate

Question 13

Benzodiazepines

Answer 13

Flumazenil injection

Question 14

TCAs

Answer 14

Activated charcoal

Question 15

Loperamide

Answer 15

Naloxone

Question 16

Phenothiazines (Prochlorperazine)

Answer 16

Procyclidine

Question 17

Carbamazepine

Answer 17

Activated charcoal

Question 18

Dapsone

Answer 18

Activated charcoal

Question 19

Phenobarbital

Answer 19

Activated charcoal

Question 20

Quinine

Answer 20

Activated charcoal

Question 21

Theophylline

Answer 21

Activated charcoal

Question 22

Hypoglycaemia

Answer 22

If pt is conscious and able to swallow:
PO fast-acting carbohydrate:
- 4 - 5 glucose tabs
- 3 - 4 heaped teaspoonfuls of sugar
- 150 - 200mL fruit juice
Repeat every 15mins for 3 cycles.

If pt is unconscious and can’t swallow:
IM Glucagon - if unresponsive after 10mins: IV glucose

Question 23

Torsade de Pointes (QT Prolongation)

Answer 23

IV MgSO4

BB (not sotalol) may be considered

Question 24

Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia

Answer 24

Terminates spontaneously on its own

Reflex vagal nerve stimulation

IV adenosine (CI in COPD/asthma)

IV Verapamil

Question 25

CCB

Answer 25

Activated charcoal If severe: CaCL or calcium gluconate

Question 26

Copper

Answer 26

Penicillamine

Question 27

BB

Answer 27

Glucagon