Antidepresive-Antimaniacale-Anxiolitice Flashcards

1
Q

Amitriptilina
Trimitriptilina
Doxepina

A

Antidepresive Triciclice

de tip sedativ - sedare si anxioliza

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2
Q

Protriptilina
Desipramina
Clomipramina

A

Antidepresive Triciclice

de tip psihoton - cresc vigilenta, cresc si anxietatea

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3
Q

Antidepresivele Triciclice

A

sunt cele mai ieftine si se folosesc cand nu are bani/ nu raspunde la SSRI/SNRI

R adverse:
Blocheaza R Histaminergici, alfa adrenergici, muscarinici

Interactiuni cu alte medicamente:
Alcool - deprima marcat SNC
IMAO - creste exagerat serotonina - fen extrapiramidale

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4
Q
Fluoxetina (Prozac)
Sertralina
Paroxetina
Fluvoxamina
Citalopram
Trazodona
A

SSRI
Inhiba specific recaptarea serotoninei de obicei fara efecte antimuscarinice si anti alfaadrenergice
Eficacitatea ca a celor triciclice dar fara efecte adverse atat de pronuntate

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5
Q

Venlafaxina

A

SNRI (fara efecte antihistaminice, alfa blocante, antihistaminice)
Doze mici - ca SSRI
Doze mari - inhiba si noradrenalina

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6
Q

Duloxetina

A

SNRI (fara efecte antihistaminice, alfa blocante, antihistaminice)
Foarte asemanator cu triciclicele dar fara efectele adverse

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7
Q

Atomoxetina

Reboxetina

A

Inhibitoare de Noradrenalina (NRI)

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8
Q

Nafazodona

A

Antidepresiv atipic

inhiba R de serotonina presinaptici 5-HT1A

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9
Q

Mianserina

A

Antidepresiv atipic
efectele se instaleaza dupa numai 2-3 zile
Blocheaza R alfa 2 presinaptici (Autoreceptorii)

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10
Q

Bupropiona

A

Antidepresiv atipic
inhiba NET, SERT, DAT, VMAT
+ creste elib de noradrenalina si dopamina in fante

Se asociaza la alt antidepresiv daca dupa 8 saptamani de tratament acesta nu a avut efect
In tratamentul tabagismului - pt renuntarea la fumat

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11
Q

Fenelzina

Tranilcipromina

A

IMAO - inhiba nespecific si ireversibil
nu doar cele din terminatiile neuronale dar si cele hepatice impiedicand metabolizarea unor substante endogene/exogene

R adverse mai frecvente decat triciclicele:
HipoTA/Hiper TA
afectare hepatica
polinevrita
agitatie, hiperreflexie, delir, convulsii

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12
Q

Clorgilina

Moclobemida

A

IMAO specific pt MAO A - pt serotonina
la fel de eficace ca tricilicele dar au efecte adverse nasoale
se folosesc cand nu merge cu triciclice si au contraindicatii pt terapia electroconvulsivanta

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13
Q

Litiul

A

Antimaniacal - amendeaza toate efectele maniei fara mari adversitati
la om normal in doze netoxice nu are efecte
Se absoarbe digestiv, se distribuie in apa din organism, nu se metabolizeaza si se elimina renal
t1/2 = 20h
Carbonat de litiu - 600-3600mg/zi

R adv - de tip toxic:
SNC - tremor
Tiroida - insuficienta
Rinichi - creste diureza pana la diabet insipid nefrogen, tubulopatie interstitiala, sd nefrotic
Cord - boala de nod sinusal/ tahicardie
Edeme

Clinica: latenta efectului - 5-10 zile
se asociaza cu neuroleptice sedative pana se stabilizeaza

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14
Q

Acid Valproic

A

Antiepileptic cu efect antimaniacal
la fel de eficace ca Litiul
latenta - 1-4 zile + efect sedativ
Efectul e potentat de antipsihotice atipice

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15
Q

Carbamazepina

A

Antiepileptic cu efect antimaniacal

cand nu merge cu acid valproic/litiu

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16
Q

Antipsihoticele atipice

A

toate in afara de clozapina

17
Q

Indicatii Anxiolitice

A
  1. Anxietate
  2. Atac de panica
  3. Agorafobie
  4. Depresie - insotita de anxietate amelioreaza si depresia
  5. Stari anxioase asociate patologiilor organice
  6. Hipnoinductoare - numa la cei anxiosi care nu pot sa adoarma
18
Q

R adverse Anxiolitice

A

Sedare
Afectarea invatarii si memorizare (datorita sedarii)
Amnezie retrograda
Toxicomanie/dependenta/toleranta/sdr de abstinenta

19
Q

Propranolol

A

Beta blocant cu efect anxiolitic
Diminuarea anxietăţii ar putea fi datorată, în mare măsură, înlăturării manifestărilor somatice simpato-adrenergice ale anxietăţii, cum ar fi tahicardia, senzaţia de constricţie toracică sau tremorul extremităţilor, decât unui efect anxiolitic stricto sensu.

20
Q

Hidroxizina

A

Anxiolitic, sedativ, miorelaxant

preferata in starile de anxietate generate de bolile dermatologice pruriginoase cu componenta afectiva

21
Q

Buspirona

A

Anxiolitic - agonist partial serotoninergic
nu actioneaza asupra GABA -> nu e anticonvulsivant
nu produce dependenta
se instaleaza lent - dupa 2-3 zile

22
Q
Clordiazepoxid
Diazepam
Oxazepam
Medazepam
Lorazepam
Alprazolam
Halazolam
Clobazam
A

Benzodiazepine cu efect anxiolitic
Alprazolam - Atac de panica/agorafobie
Diazepam - ca anxiolitic - 5-10mg de 3 ori pe zi desi are t1/2 lung si ca hipnoinductor - 10mg inainte de culcare

23
Q

Meprobamat

A

Anxiolitic, sedativ, miorelaxant
Asemanator barbituricelor
inductor enzimatic, mai putin avantajos ca benzodiazepinele