ANTICOAGULANTS, ANTIPLATELET, THROMBOLYTICS (EXAM 2) Flashcards
function of anticoagulant
prevents the formation of clots that inhibit circulation
function of antiplatelet
prevent platelet aggregation
function of thrombolytics
attack and dissolve blood clots that have formed
what might a clot in an artery or vein
decrease circulation
platelet aggregation
blood coagulation
arterial clot formation
platelet initiate process
fibrin formation occurs
RBC are trapped in fibrin mesh
venous clot formation
platelet aggregation with fibrin that attaches to RBC
Anticoagulant action
prevent the formation of new clots
Anticoagulant use
DVT
PE
MI
Artificial heart valves
Stroke
what does anticoagulants not do
dissolve clots that are already formed
Anticoagulant admin
PO
subq
IV
Heparin is a
anticoagulant
heparin action
antithrombin 3
inhibit action of thrombin
inhibit conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
inhibit clot formation
heparin is used to
prevent thrombosis
administration of heparin
sub q
IV
heparin antidote
protamine sulfate
side effect of heparin
bleeding
low molecular weight heparin action
inactivate Xa factor
less able to activate thrombin
use of low molecular weight heparin
prevent DVT
acute PE after orthopedic or abdominal surgey
how is heparin different from lower molecular weight heparin
they have a lower risk of bleeding
precautions of LMW heparin
do not take with aspirin
frequent lab monitoring is not required
why shouldnt you take LMW heparin with aspirin
aspirin is already a blood thinner= increase risk of bleeding
do you have to do frequent monitoring of labs with LMW heparin
noo
direct thrombin inhibitors action
they inhibit thrombin from converting fibrinogen to fibrin
direct thrombin inhibitors use
prophylaxis
treatment of dvt
unstable angina
stroke
direct thrombin inhibitors admin
sub q
IV
oral anticoagulants action (WARFARIN)
inhibit hepatic synthesis of vitamin K which affects clotting factors 2,6,9 and 10
oral anticoagulants use (WRFARIN)
prevent thromboembolic condition
PE
embolic formation
how do you monitor the therapeutic range
(WARFARIN)
PT
INR
antidote of warfarin if there is overdose
vitamin k
how long does vitamin k take to be effective
24-48 hours
factor Xa inhibitors
prevent DVT and PE
some do not require routine coagulation
administered 1x or 2x daily
what should you monitor with heparin
PTT
what should you monitor with warfarin
INR
PT
what should you examine with anticoagulants
pt nose, mouth, skin and urine for bleeding
what should you teach the patients with anticoagulants
inform dentist
use soft toothbrush
avoid large intake of green, leafy veggies
Antiplatelet action
suppress platelet aggregation
Antiplatelet uses
prevent thrombosis
prevent MI or stroke for patients with familiar history
prevent repeat MI
prevent stroke for pt with transient ischemic attacks
aspirin
low dose therapy
effective and inexpensive for suppressing platelet aggregation
aspirin is a
antiplatelet
aspirin action
inhibit cyclooxygenase, an enzyme needed by platelets to synthesize thromboxane
aspirin use
prevention of MI and thromboembolism
prevent stroke
