Antibody Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What happens when you treat an antibody with papain which reduces some disulfide bonds?

A

The antibody breaks into three fragments: 2 identical Fab and 1 Fc

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2
Q

What happens whn you treat an antibody with a strong reducing agent that brakes all interchain disulfide bonds?

A

2 identical light chains

2 identical heavy chains

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3
Q

What is the function of the carbohydrate within the Fc?

A

Allows the antibody to interact with complement system

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4
Q

How are domains connected within an antibody?

A

Intrachain S—S bonds

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5
Q

What makes up the light chain?

A

1 variable region

1 constant region

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6
Q

What makes up the heavy chain?

A

1 variable region

3-4 constant regions

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7
Q

What are the give classes of antibodies?

A
IgG
IgM
IgD
IgE
IgA
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8
Q

What chains make up the IgG antibody?

A

2 light chains

2 gamma chains

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9
Q

What chains make up the IgD antibody?

A

2 light chains
2 delta chains
*Extra-long hinge region

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10
Q

What chains make up the IgE antibody?

A

2 light chains
2 epsilon chains
*An extra constant domain

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11
Q

What chains make up the IgM antibody?

A

2 light chains
2 mu chains
*extra constant domain
*J chain

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12
Q

What chains make up the IgA antibody?

A

2 light chains
2 alpha chains
*joined by a J chain
*Secretory component

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13
Q

What are the two types of constant chains in the light chain?

A

Kappa or Lambda

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14
Q

Where is the variable domain, C-terminus or N-terminus?

A

N-terminus

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15
Q

What is the complementarity-determining region, CDR?

A

The place where the antibody binds the antigen

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16
Q

How many subclasses or isotypes are there?

A

10

17
Q

What are subclasses or isotypes?

A

Small differences in the amino acid sequences of their H chain C regions

18
Q

What are allotypes?

A

Minor allelic differences in the sequence of immunglobulins between individuals

Inherited in the Mendelian fashion

19
Q

What are idiotypes?

A

antibodies with unique combinding regions Slightly different CDR

20
Q

What are the three most abundant antibodies in the serum? In descending order

A

IgG
IgA
IgM

21
Q

The Fc can be bound by two things what are they?

A
  1. Phagocytic cells- PMN, eosinophils, Macrophages

2. C1q- need two adjacent IgG or only one IgM