Antibodies Flashcards
V domains
Contain 3 hypervariable loops / complimentarity determining regions that are in close proximity in the 3-d folded molecule.
There is one V domain on the heavy chain and one on the light chain.
Antibody avidity
Light chain isotypes
kappa and lambda
Both functionally the same. One antibody contains two of the same type.
Since T cells only recognize peptides derived from protein antigens, most ______ antibodies are specific for protein antigens. This is not true of _____.
Since T cells only recognize peptides derived from protein antigens, most IgG, IgE, and IgA antibodies are specific for protein antigens. This is not true of IgM.
Igα and Igβ
Chains that associate with membrane-bound Ig’s on B cells and enable transcellular signaling. These chains activate B cells.
Serum protein electrophoresis
Clinical and research lab technique that takes advantage of the different motilities of serum proteins in an electric field.
Traditionally five groups of serum proteins are observed by SPEP, including albumin and four groups of globulin proteins: α1, α2, β2, and γ globulins
The γ globulin group on SPEP contains. . .
ALL antibodies.
NOT just IgG, but also IgE, IgM, and IgA.
Classes of secreted human heavy chain
IgM, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1, IgA2, and IgE
opsinization-mediated phagocytosis
____ can activate the antibody-dependent complement pathway
IgG or IgM can activate the antibody-dependent complement pathway.
This is mediated by C1q binding.
In order for C1q to initiate antibody-dependent complement killing, it must. . .
bind to two Fc regions on two separate antibodies.
This allows it to activate C1r and C1s, which drive the payway up to the C3 convertase step.
Establishing mucosal humoral immunity
____ make up the majority of antibodies produced by the body.
IgA make up the majority of antibodies produced by the body.
After all, we are most vulnerable at our gut epithelium.
____ mediates IgA transcytosis into the gut lumen
The poly-Ig receptor.
So named because it also transits IgM.
FcRn is specific for. . .
IgG
The incredibly long halflife of IgG molecules is due to the activity of ___.
The incredibly long halflife of IgG molecules is due to the activity of FcRn.
FcRn continuously recycles these antibodies.
X-linked agammaglobulinemia
No gamma globulins (aka no antibodies at all, no B cells)
“Myeloma”
Bone marrow cancer.
Can also be a cancer of lymphoid origin, not just myeloid.
Terrible name, go figure.
