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SAM_1 > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

antibiotics that kill bacteria called

A

bacteriocidal

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2
Q

antibiotics that inhibit bacteria from reproducing called

A

bacteriostatic

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3
Q

3 examples of B-Lactam drugs

A

penicillin, amoxicillin, cephalosporins

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4
Q

3 examples of Aminoglycosides

A

amikacin, gentamicin, streptomycin

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5
Q

what kind of antibiotic is amikacin

A

aminoglycoside

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6
Q

by what route are polymyxins given

A

topically only

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7
Q

2 examples of tetracycline

A

doxycycine, oxytetracycline

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8
Q

4 macrolides

A

“mycin”

erythromycin, azithromycin, lincomycin, clindamycin

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9
Q

clindamycin is what class of antibiotic

A

macrolide

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10
Q

an example of a Nitroimidazole

A

Metronidazole

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11
Q

2 examples of quinolones

A

enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin

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12
Q

penicillin’s mechanism

A

cell wall synthesis

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13
Q

cephalosporins mechanism

A

cell wall synthesis

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14
Q

trimethroprim sulfonamide’s (TMS) mechanism

A

Folic acid metabolism

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15
Q

polymyxin’s mechanism

A

cytoplasmic membrane structure

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16
Q

ciprofloxacin’s (quinalone) mechanism

A

DNA gyrase

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17
Q

macrolid mechanism

A

protein synthesis

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18
Q

erythromycin mechanism

A

protein synthesis

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19
Q

clindamycin mechanism

A

protein synthesis

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20
Q

tetracycline mechanism

A

protein synthesis

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21
Q

gentamicin mechanism

A

protein synthesis

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22
Q

amikacin mechanism

A

protein synthesis

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23
Q

nitrofuran mechanism

A

protein synthesis

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24
Q

penicillin kills what

A

g+, aerobic, some anerobe

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25
Q

how to make penicillin kill G-

A

add Clavulanic acid

26
Q

clavulanic acid mechanism

A

lactamase protector

27
Q

Penicillin side effects

A

VD, allergic rxn.

28
Q

what class is penicillin

A

B-lactam

29
Q

What does cephalosporin kill

A

broad spectrum

30
Q

how is cefovecin administered

A

SQ, lasts 14 days

31
Q

what does aminoglycoside kill

A

aerobe, facultative anaerobe: G-, G+

32
Q

side effects of gentamycin

A

nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity

33
Q

how often is amikacin administered

A

1X daily

34
Q

What does specific pathogens does polymyxin kill

A

G-: Pasteurella, Escherichia, shigella, salmonella, bordetella, klebsiella, pseudomonas

35
Q

polymyxin side effects

A

pemphigus vulgaris (skin sluff)

36
Q

side effects of chloramphenicol

A

sever: VD, depression, anorexia, pancytopenia. esp. cats

37
Q

specific organisms tetracyclines kill

A

mycobacteria, spirochetes, mycoplasmas, rickettsiae, clamydiae, protozoa

38
Q

what do macrolides kill

A

g+

39
Q

how would you treat respiratory mycoplasma

A

azithromycin

40
Q

what does lincosamide class kill

A

g+

41
Q

pseudomembranous colitis in humans is caused by what 2 antibiotic classes

A

macrolids, lincosamides

42
Q

antibiotics that end with ‘mycin’ are what classes of antibiotic

A

macrolid, lincosamides

43
Q

a new nitroimidazole

A

ronidazole

44
Q

what antibiotic for GI anaerobe

A

nitroimidazoles

45
Q

side effects of nitroididazoles

A

neurologic (puppies), lethargy, neutropenia, hepatotoxicity, hematuria

46
Q

bacteria produce toxic metabolites from these antibiotic

A

nitroimidazoles

47
Q

what makes ronidazole special

A

new drug

48
Q

what are nitrofurans used for

A

g- bladder infections

49
Q

what 7 organisms are suphonamides good for

A

enterococcus, campy, bacillus, coryne, nocardia, , pasteurella, chlamydia Even Campy Bitches Can Not Pass Clamidia

50
Q

WHEN are sulphonamides ineffective at killing

A

pus, PABA

51
Q

3 common sulphonamide side effects

A

hepatic, renal, KCS, hemolytic anemia

52
Q

drug names ending with floxacin

A

quinolones

53
Q

how to treat E.coli

A

amikacin (aminoglycoside), enrofloxacin (quinolone)

54
Q

how to treat clostridium

A

Metronidazole

55
Q

how to treat enterococcus, bacillus, coryne, Nocardia, campy, Pasteurella, chlamydia

A

sulfonamide

56
Q

common side effect of quinolones

A

retinal blindness in cats, cartilage damage in young dogs

57
Q

what class is cefovecin

A

B lactam

58
Q

How would you treat the gram + bacteria Mycoplasma which causes respiratory disease

A

Macrolide- Azithromycin

59
Q

What antibiotic is associated with KCS Keratoconjunctivitis sicca

A

Sulphonamides

60
Q

How would you treat salmonellosis

A

TMS

SAM_1 (6 decks)

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