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IMED2001 UWA > Antibiotics 3 > Flashcards

Antibiotics 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the possible bacterial causes of:

Purulent discharge from urethra.

Dysuria

?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Mycoplasma genitalum

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2
Q

What are the possible investigations for STDs?

A

Mid Stream Urine

First Void Urine for PCR testing

Urethral swap of discharge

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3
Q

Which antibiotics are neisseria gonnorrhoeae commonly resistant to?

A

Resistance is now widespread to:

Amoxycillin, penicillin

1st and 2nd gen cephalosporins

Tetracyclines

Quinolones

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4
Q

How is neisseria gonnorhea treated?

A

Empirical mostly and guided by lab susceptibility testing.

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5
Q

What must be considered when treating neisseria gonnorrhoaea?

A

Considering whether

infection was acquired locally or overseas.

In metro or country area

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6
Q

What is used for neisseria gonorrhoeae in rural and remote areas?

A

Amoxycillin and probenicid (because multiresistance is not common here)

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7
Q

What is used for neisseria gonorrhoeae in metro areas?

A

Ciproflaxacin was used in the past but due to quinolone resistance the empirical choice is to use IMI ceftriaxone

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8
Q

What treatments are used for gono+C.tracho?

A

If lab tests not available: both ceftriaxone + azithromycin

If PCR tests available:
po azithromycin single dose and IMI ceftriaxone

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9
Q

How are macrolides used for Chlamydia trachomatis?

A

Commonly used as single dose treatment (1 gm)

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10
Q

What are some examples of macrolides?

A

Erythromycin

Roxithromycin

Clarithromycin

Azithromycin (used for chlamydia)

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11
Q

What other uses are macrolides used for?

A

“atypical” pneumonia

Enteric infections

Typhoid fever

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12
Q

What was previous treatment for chlamydia trachomatis infection?

A

Doxycycline twice daily for 7 days

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13
Q

Why don’t beta lactams work against atypical pneumoniaeae causes?

A

They don’t have large cell walls (gram negative)

They could be viral causes

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14
Q

What should be used for atypical pneumonia if beta-lactams don’t work?

A

Azithromycin (a macrolide)

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15
Q

What are likely pathogens that cause ulceration of foot?

A

Enterobacteriaceae

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Staph aureus

Beta-haemolytic streps

Alpha-haemolytic streps

Peptococcus species

Peptostreptococcus species

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16
Q

What antibiotics are used to treat early diabetic foot infections?

A

Augmentum (Gram pos staph/strep)

Clindamycin + ciprofloxacin

Cephalexin (1st gen cephalosporin) + Metronidazole

17
Q

What is augmentin good for treating?

A

Enterobacteriaceae

Not P.aeruginosa

Anaerobes

18
Q

What is clindamycin good for treating?

A

Gram positive

anaerobes

19
Q

What is ciprofloxacin good for treating?

A

Broad gram negative

Including susceptible P. aeruginosa

20
Q

What antibiotics are used to treat diabetic foot infections that have gone deeper or reached the bone?

A

Tazocin IV (piperacillin + tazobactam)

Meropenem IV (a carbapenem)

21
Q

What is metronidazole good for treating?

A

Only active against anaerobes

22
Q

What is the best of the anaerobic antibiotics?

A

Metronidazole

23
Q

What is tazocin IV good for treating?

A

Enterobacteriaceae

Susceptible P. aeruginosa

Gram Pos

Anaerobes

24
Q

What is meropenem IV used for?

A

It is very broad spectrum

used for gram pos, gram neg, and anaerobes

25
Q

What is meropenem IV used for?

A

It is very broad spectrum

used for gram pos, gram neg, and anaerobes

26
Q

What else can antibiotics be effectively used for?

A

Protozoal pathogens

27
Q

What antibiotic is used for malaria prophylaxis?

A

Doxycycline

28
Q

What antibiotic is used for toxoplasma gondii?

A

Cotrimoxazole

Clindamycin

29
Q

What antibiotic is used for giardia intestinalis?

A

Metronidazole

30
Q

What antibiotic is used for entamoeba histolytica?

A

Paromomycin

31
Q

How is paromomycin gotten?

A

Special access (very expensive or extremely important to have regulated use)

IMED2001 UWA (44 decks)

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