Antibiotics Flashcards
what microbes are susceptible to penicillin
mostly gram positive:
- Penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae
- Groups A, B, C, G streptococci
- Viridans group streptococci
- Enterococcus
+ others
what is Benzathine PCN used for
Treponema pallidum (syphilis) or other STD
which gram negative bacteria does PCN cover
Neiserria meningiditis
penicillinase resistant penicillins
Nafcillin, dicloxacillin, oxacillin
penicillinase resistant penicillins cover what
mostly MSSA
- can be used for strep infections
aminopenicillins types
Ampicillin, amoxicillin
amino penicillin covers what
Gram negative:
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- Some E. coli
- Some H. influenza
- Proteus mirabilis
in addition to the normal gram positive penicillin coverage
anti-pseudomonal penicillin name
piperacillin-tazobactam – Zosyn
anti-pseudomonas penicillin coverage
Gram negative:
- Pseudomonas
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- E. coli
- H influenza
- Enterobacter
- Klebsiella penumoniae
- Serratia marcescens
in addition to the normal gram positive penicillin coverage
beta lactamase inhibitor combo antibiotics
augmentin
unsyn
zosyn
avicaz
Zerbaxa
combo antibiotic coverage
gram positive: MSSA
gram negative:
- Bacteroides
- E. coli
- Klebsiella
- Proteus
1st generation cephalosporins
Cefazolin: IV (Ancef)
Cephalexin: PO (Keflex)
Cefadroxil: PO (Duracef)
1st gen cephalosporin coverage
Best activity against gram positive
- MSSA
- PCN-susceptible S. pneumonia
- Group A, B, C, G strep
- Viridans group strep
gram negatives: UTI microbes
- E. coli
- Klebsiella pneumonia
- Proteus mirabilis
2nd gen cephalosporins
Cefuroxime: IV and PO Zinacef, and PO Ceftin
Cefoxitin: IV Mefoxin
Cefaclor: PO Ceclor
2nd gen cephalosporin coverage
gram positive normal cephalosporin coverage
gram negative:
- E. coli
- Proteus mirabilis
- H influenza
- Neisseria
- Moraxella catarrhalis
some anaerobe coverage:
- Bacteroides
- Clostridium (not c diff)
3rd generation cephalosporins
Ceftriaxone: IV
Ceftazidime: IV Fortaz
Cefpodoxime: oral Vantin
Cefixime: oral Suprax
Cefdinir: oral Omnicef
Cefditoren: oral Spectracef
3rd gen cephalosporin coverage
Slightly less active against gram positive aerobes and more active against gram negative aerobes
+ pseudomonas
Ceftazidime-avibactam (Avycaz) coverage
KPC (klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase) producing organisms
Ceftolozane-tazobactam (Zerbaxa) coverage
resistant pseudomonas
Ceftaroline (Tefloro IV) coverage
only cephalosporin for MRSA
Cefiderocol (Fetroja) coverage
multi-drug resistant gram negative pathogen
carbepenems
Ertapenem: Invanz
Meropenem: Merrem
