Antibiotics Flashcards

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1
Q

what microbes are susceptible to penicillin

A

mostly gram positive:
- Penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae
- Groups A, B, C, G streptococci
- Viridans group streptococci
- Enterococcus
+ others

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2
Q

what is Benzathine PCN used for

A

Treponema pallidum (syphilis) or other STD

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3
Q

which gram negative bacteria does PCN cover

A

Neiserria meningiditis

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4
Q

penicillinase resistant penicillins

A

Nafcillin, dicloxacillin, oxacillin

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5
Q

penicillinase resistant penicillins cover what

A

mostly MSSA
- can be used for strep infections

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6
Q

aminopenicillins types

A

Ampicillin, amoxicillin

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7
Q

amino penicillin covers what

A

Gram negative:
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- Some E. coli
- Some H. influenza
- Proteus mirabilis
in addition to the normal gram positive penicillin coverage

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8
Q

anti-pseudomonal penicillin name

A

piperacillin-tazobactam – Zosyn

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9
Q

anti-pseudomonas penicillin coverage

A

Gram negative:
- Pseudomonas
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- E. coli
- H influenza
- Enterobacter
- Klebsiella penumoniae
- Serratia marcescens
in addition to the normal gram positive penicillin coverage

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10
Q

beta lactamase inhibitor combo antibiotics

A

augmentin
unsyn
zosyn
avicaz
Zerbaxa

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11
Q

combo antibiotic coverage

A

gram positive: MSSA
gram negative:
- Bacteroides
- E. coli
- Klebsiella
- Proteus

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12
Q

1st generation cephalosporins

A

Cefazolin: IV (Ancef)
Cephalexin: PO (Keflex)
Cefadroxil: PO (Duracef)

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13
Q

1st gen cephalosporin coverage

A

Best activity against gram positive
- MSSA
- PCN-susceptible S. pneumonia
- Group A, B, C, G strep
- Viridans group strep
gram negatives: UTI microbes
- E. coli
- Klebsiella pneumonia
- Proteus mirabilis

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14
Q

2nd gen cephalosporins

A

Cefuroxime: IV and PO Zinacef, and PO Ceftin
Cefoxitin: IV Mefoxin
Cefaclor: PO Ceclor

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15
Q

2nd gen cephalosporin coverage

A

gram positive normal cephalosporin coverage
gram negative:
- E. coli
- Proteus mirabilis
- H influenza
- Neisseria
- Moraxella catarrhalis
some anaerobe coverage:
- Bacteroides
- Clostridium (not c diff)

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16
Q

3rd generation cephalosporins

A

Ceftriaxone: IV
Ceftazidime: IV Fortaz
Cefpodoxime: oral Vantin
Cefixime: oral Suprax
Cefdinir: oral Omnicef
Cefditoren: oral Spectracef

17
Q

3rd gen cephalosporin coverage

A

Slightly less active against gram positive aerobes and more active against gram negative aerobes
+ pseudomonas

18
Q

Ceftazidime-avibactam (Avycaz) coverage

A

KPC (klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase) producing organisms

19
Q

Ceftolozane-tazobactam (Zerbaxa) coverage

A

resistant pseudomonas

20
Q

Ceftaroline (Tefloro IV) coverage

A

only cephalosporin for MRSA

21
Q

Cefiderocol (Fetroja) coverage

A

multi-drug resistant gram negative pathogen

22
Q

carbepenems

A

Ertapenem: Invanz
Meropenem: Merrem