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Pharm 4 > Anti-Retroviral > Flashcards

Anti-Retroviral Flashcards

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1
Q

Who to treat with anti-retroviral

A

everybody with HIV regardless of CD4 count

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2
Q

Standard of care for HIV

A

3 drugs from 2 different classes

Preferred therapy - 2 NRTI + 1 PI or 1 INSTI

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3
Q

AE NRTI

A

inhibitors affect cellular DNA causing mitochondrial damage

Hepatic stenosis, lactic acidosis, neuropathy, pancreatitis

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4
Q

Indications for Lamivudine

A

preferred treatment for anti-retroviral therapy and HBV

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5
Q

Emtricitabine

A

fluorinated analog of Lamivudine

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6
Q

AE Abacavir

A

Fatal hypersensitivity - associated with HLA B5701 - screen beforehand **

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7
Q

AE Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate

A

renal toxicity, Fanconi syndrome, hyperPO4, decreased bone density/fetal growth

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8
Q

Indications for Tenofovir DF

A

HIV, HBV

Contraindicated in renal impairment

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9
Q

NRTI Drugs

A 
Lamivudine
Emtricitabine
Abacavir
Tenofovir DF
Tenofovir A
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10
Q

MOA of Protease Inhibitors

A

“NAVIR”

Target HIV protease; block maturation after budding

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11
Q

Protease Inhibitor Drugs

A

RAD - NAVIR
Ritonavir
Darunavir
Atazanavir

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12
Q

AE Ritonavir

A

hepatitis, lipodystrophy

Potent cytochrome inhibitor = large plasma content of drugs *****

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13
Q

Alternative PI for HIV treatment

A

Atazanavir

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14
Q

Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor (ISTI)

A

“GRAVIR”

Prevent integration of proviral DNA into host chromosome

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15
Q

ISTI drugs

A

RED - GRAVIR
Raltegravir
Elvitegravir
Dolutegravir

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16
Q

Resistant to Raltegravir, Elvitegravir?

A

Dolutegravir

17
Q

Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

A

Alternative Regimen
Bind different site on reverse transcriptase
No phosphorylation needed
Not active against HIV-2; highly susceptible to resistance

18
Q

NNRTI drugs

A

Efavirenz

Rilpivirine

19
Q

Maraviroc

A

Treatment resistant HIV
CCR5 Receptor antagonist - inhibits attachment
AE - postural hypotension, allergic rxn, hepatotoxicity
Screen for CCR5 tropism

20
Q

Enfuvirtide

A

Treatment resistant HIV
Fusion inhibitor - inhibits fusion protein gp41
Twice daily subcutaneous injection**

21
Q

Pre-exposure Prophylaxis

A

Tenofovir DF and Emtricitibine - high risk

22
Q

Post-exposure Prophylaxis

A

within 72h of exposure - 28d treatment
Similar 3 drug treatment as preferred
Do not use Abacavir - delayed treatment required for screening

Pharm 4 (13 decks)

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