Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phys > Anti-inflammatories > Flashcards

Anti-inflammatories Flashcards

1
Q

What does COX do?

A

Acts on Arachidonic acid and creates an intermediate which is further acted on by different prostaglandins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does prostaglandin B2 do?

A

Platelet aggregation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does blood temperature increase?

A

IL-1 which induces COX enzyme in hypothalamus to produce prostaglandin which raised blood temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does TxA2 do?

A

Endothelium vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does PGE2 do?

A

Inflammation, bronchoconstriction, vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 2 sites on COX?

A

Cycloxygenate site and then peroxidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is COX docked?

A

The ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where do drugs bind to COX?

A

To the active site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does aspirin bind to COX?

A

Serine residue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is aspirins duration?

A

10-20 minutes to be absorbed, 4 hours to go

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do amino acid to NSAIDs interact with on COX1 and COX2?

A

COX1-iosleucine, COX2-Valine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does Dicholenic show some selectivity towards?

A

COX2- for musculoskeletal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does ibuprofen show some selectivity towards?

A

COX1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are side effects of NSAIDs?

A

Renal function, gut problems, bronchospasm, liver damage, skin rashes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why do NSAIDs cause kidney function problems?

A

Prostaglandins normally maintain renal blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why do NSAIDs cause liver damage?

A

Toxic intermediates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages for NSAIDs selective for COX1?

A

Advantages- reduce strokes due to involvement in platelet aggregation
Disadvantages- bad for gut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages for NSAIDs selective for COX2?

A

Advantages- anti inflammatory and analgesics

Disadvantages- kidney - salt retention so raised bp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are novel therapeutic uses for NSAIDs?

A

Parkinsons, HIV, Alzheimers

20
Q

What is the occurrence of Rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Half a million in UK, 3x more common in females than males

21
Q

What is the cause of arthritis?

A

Tk1 cells autoimmune disease

22
Q

What is the pathway leading to joint damage in arthritis?

A

TCD4-TH0-activated Th1 - osteoclast, fibroblast= joint damage, Th1- macrophages which activates Il-1/TNFa (cytokines) - increase osteoclast and fibroblast and also the influx of other inflammatory cells leading to joint damage

23
Q

What is methotrexate?

A

Immunosuppressant, folic acid antagonist which slows down the conversion of TH0 to Th1 so limits cytokines

24
Q

What is the key treatment for arthiritus?

A

Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs DMARDs

25
Q

What is Sulfasalazine?

A

A DMARD, also used to treat chronic inflammatory bowel disease

26
Q

Give example of DMARDs.

A

Sulfasalzine, Pencilllaminine

27
Q

What do anti-TNF agents act through?

A

IL-1, TNF

28
Q

How does cyclosporine work?

A

In activation stage of T cells- rise in calcium - activation of Caloneurin phosphatase- target TF NFkappa- IL-1 and others. Cyclosporine inhibits Coloneurin

29
Q

What do humanised monoclonal antibodies do?

A

Mimic soluble receptors of TNF - highly specific and effective, recognise TNFa/ its receptor, so neutralises action of soluble or membrane bound pro inflammatory cytokines

30
Q

What are all the possible treatments for arthritis?

A

Methotrexate, DMARDs, Cyclosporine, antiTNF, monoclonal antibodies

31
Q

What is an allergy?

A

Disease following an immune response to innocuous antigen, mostly IgE mediated

32
Q

What are hypersensitivity reactions?

A

Inappropriate or exaggerated immune responses that cause inflammation

33
Q

What is the response for Wheal and Flare syndrome?

A

Local increase in blood flow, vascular permeability

34
Q

What is the response to hay fever?

A

Irritation of nasal mucosa, oedema of nasal mucosa

35
Q

What is the response to a food allergy?

A

vomititing, diarrhoea, pruitis, anaphylaxis, urticarial

36
Q

What happens to the skin on allergy/

A

Angiodema, hibes

37
Q

What are activated in chronic allergy reactions?

A

Eosinophils

38
Q

What causes hay fever (allergic Rhinitis)?

A

Allergen activates mast cells in nasal mucosa

39
Q

What is allergic asthma caused by?

A

Allergen activates mast cells in lower respiratory tract

40
Q

What is early phase allergic asthma?

A

Reversible obstruction of airway, inflammation- many mast cells in bronchi

41
Q

What is late phase allergic asthma?

A

Activation of transcription factor such as NFkappaB leading to producing of cytokines which cause leukocyte infiltration

42
Q

What is allergic asthma associated with?

A

Overactivity of Th2, produce IL-4, produces IgE antibodies

43
Q

What environmental factors increase susceptibility to allergen?

A

Level of allergen, nutrition, pollutants, family size

44
Q

What do inflammatory mediators do?

A

Smooth muscle contraction, increased vascular permeability, mucous secretion, platelet activation, stimulation of nerve endings, recruitment and activation of eosinophils

45
Q

What are new therapies for treating asthma?

A

Humanised antibodies and soluble receptors to IgE, PGD-12 antagonists- inhibits immune cell and mast cell signalling

Phys (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions