Anti HTN

Question 1

ACEi:
- examples
- mech
- se
- containd
- monitering

Answer 1

ACEi:
- examples: ramipril, lisinopril
- mech: stops ang 1 -> ang so less vasoconstriction of efferent art + reduces aldosterone + reduces ADH
- se: hypotension, dry cough (switch to arb), hyperkal, angiooedema
- containd: renal failure, nsaids, preg/b feeding, spironolactone/amiloride, aortic stenosis
- monitering: u+es before/when changing dose (creatinine can inc up to 30% baseline and K+ up to 5.5)

Question 2

ARBs:
- examples
- mech
- SE
- conta

Answer 2

ARBs:
- examples: candesartan, losartan - given if acei cough or black diabetic
- mech: prevents efferent art vasoconst
- se: hypotension, hyperkal
- containd: renal failure, preg, nsaids

Question 3

CCBs:
- examples
- mech
- se
- contra

Answer 3

CCBs
- examples: amlodipine, nifedipine (cerebral vasodil hence good for sah)
- mech: dihydropyridine, vasodilates peripheral vasculature
- se: ankle swelling, flushing, headaches, palpits if compensatory tachycardia
- conta: unstable angina, aortic stenosis, statins

Question 4

thiazide like diuretics:
- examples
- mech
- se
- cont

Answer 4

• examples: indapamine, bendroflumethiazide
• mech: blocks nacl on dct hence dec na/h2o reab
• se: hypokal/nat, gout, inc glucose, ED, inc cholesterol, postural hypot, hypercalc
• containd: nsaids, loop diuretics