Anterior Triangle Of The Neck Flashcards
What is the role of fascial compartments ?
They control the spread of infection and allow gliding of components over each other
What are the different compartments found in the neck ?
- musculoskeletal compartment
- visceral compartment
- neurovascular compartment
- superficial compartment
What is platysma ?
The platysma are the muscles of facial expression
When they contract they relieve the pressure on the jugular veins
What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscles ?
The manubrium and the medial clavicle
What is the contents of the submental triangle ?
Mylohyoid and lymph nodes
What is the contents of the submandibular triangle ?
Submandibular gland and facial artery
What does the carotid triangle contain ?
- internal jugular vein
- bifurcation of the common carotid artery
- vagus nerve
- accessory nerve
- hypoglossal nerve
What does the muscular triangle contain ?
It contains -
• larynx
• trachea
• thyroid gland
• oesophagus
• the infrahyoid strap muscles -
- sternohyoid muscles
- sternothyroid muscles
- thyrohyoid muscles
Describe the thyroid gland
- H shaped
- sits around the 3rd to 4th tracheal ring
- has 2 lobes connected by an isthmus
Where does the thyroid gland develop ?
It develops in the foremen caecum
Which 3 arteries supply the thyroid gland ?
- superior thyroid artery
- middle thyroid artery
- inferior thyroid artery
What are the 4 pairs of infrahyoid or strap muscles ?
- sternohyoid
- omohyoid
- sternothyroid
- thyrohyoid
What is the nerve supply of the infrahyoid muscles ?
- sternohyoid, omohyoid and sternothyroid = ansa cervicalis (C1 - C3)
- thyrohyoid = C1 via hypoglossal nerve
What are the 4 pairs of suprahyoid muscles ?
- digastric
- mylohyoid
- geniohyoid
- stylohyoid
What is the action of the digastric muscle ?
- elevates hyoid bone if mandible is fixed
- depresses mandible if hyoid bone is fixed
What is the origin and insertion of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle ?
Origin = mastoid process of temporal bone (digastric notch)
Insertion = intermediate tendon tethered to hyoid bone by fascial sling
What is the nerve supply of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle ?
Facial nerve (CNVII)
What is the origin and insertion of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle ?
Origin = intermediate tendon
Insertion = digastric fossa on inferior border of mandible
What is the nerve supply of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle ?
Nerve to mylohyoid (mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve)
What is the origin and insertion of the stylohyoid muscle ?
Origin = styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion = greater horn of hyoid bone
What is the nerve supply of the stylohyoid muscle ?
Facial nerve (CNVII)
Where are the mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles found ?
They are the muscles in the floor of the mouth
What is the connective tissue dividing line between the mylohyoid muscle known as ?
Raphé
What is the innervation of the mylohyoid muscle ?
Nerve to mylohyoid
