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Anatomy > Anterior Triangle Of The Neck > Flashcards

Anterior Triangle Of The Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of fascial compartments ?

A

They control the spread of infection and allow gliding of components over each other

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2
Q

What are the different compartments found in the neck ?

A
  • musculoskeletal compartment
  • visceral compartment
  • neurovascular compartment
  • superficial compartment
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3
Q

What is platysma ?

A

The platysma are the muscles of facial expression
When they contract they relieve the pressure on the jugular veins

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4
Q

What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscles ?

A

The manubrium and the medial clavicle

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5
Q

What is the contents of the submental triangle ?

A

Mylohyoid and lymph nodes

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6
Q

What is the contents of the submandibular triangle ?

A

Submandibular gland and facial artery

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7
Q

What does the carotid triangle contain ?

A
  • internal jugular vein
  • bifurcation of the common carotid artery
  • vagus nerve
  • accessory nerve
  • hypoglossal nerve
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8
Q

What does the muscular triangle contain ?

A

It contains -
• larynx
• trachea
• thyroid gland
• oesophagus
• the infrahyoid strap muscles -
- sternohyoid muscles
- sternothyroid muscles
- thyrohyoid muscles

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9
Q

Describe the thyroid gland

A
  • H shaped
  • sits around the 3rd to 4th tracheal ring
  • has 2 lobes connected by an isthmus
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10
Q

Where does the thyroid gland develop ?

A

It develops in the foremen caecum

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11
Q

Which 3 arteries supply the thyroid gland ?

A
  • superior thyroid artery
  • middle thyroid artery
  • inferior thyroid artery
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12
Q

What are the 4 pairs of infrahyoid or strap muscles ?

A
  • sternohyoid
  • omohyoid
  • sternothyroid
  • thyrohyoid
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13
Q

What is the nerve supply of the infrahyoid muscles ?

A
  • sternohyoid, omohyoid and sternothyroid = ansa cervicalis (C1 - C3)
  • thyrohyoid = C1 via hypoglossal nerve
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14
Q

What are the 4 pairs of suprahyoid muscles ?

A
  • digastric
  • mylohyoid
  • geniohyoid
  • stylohyoid
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15
Q

What is the action of the digastric muscle ?

A
  • elevates hyoid bone if mandible is fixed
  • depresses mandible if hyoid bone is fixed
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16
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle ?

A

Origin = mastoid process of temporal bone (digastric notch)
Insertion = intermediate tendon tethered to hyoid bone by fascial sling

17
Q

What is the nerve supply of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle ?

A

Facial nerve (CNVII)

18
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle ?

A

Origin = intermediate tendon
Insertion = digastric fossa on inferior border of mandible

19
Q

What is the nerve supply of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle ?

A

Nerve to mylohyoid (mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve)

20
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the stylohyoid muscle ?

A

Origin = styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion = greater horn of hyoid bone

21
Q

What is the nerve supply of the stylohyoid muscle ?

A

Facial nerve (CNVII)

22
Q

Where are the mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles found ?

A

They are the muscles in the floor of the mouth

23
Q

What is the connective tissue dividing line between the mylohyoid muscle known as ?

A

Raphé

24
Q

What is the innervation of the mylohyoid muscle ?

A

Nerve to mylohyoid

25
Q

What is the innervation of the geniohyoid ?

A

C1

26
Q

What type of gland is the submandibular salivary gland ?

A

Mixed serous and mucous gland

27
Q

What 2 parts is the submandibular salivary gland divided into ?

A

Superficial part - between mylohyoid and submandibular fossa of mandible

Deep part - wraps around free posterior border of mylohyoid muscle in the floor of the mouth

28
Q

What are the branches of the external carotid artery ?

A
  • superior thyroid
  • ascending pharyngeal
  • lingual
  • facial
  • occipital
  • posterior auricular
  • maxillary
  • superficial temporal
29
Q

What are the 3 main veins of the neck ?

A
  • external jugular vein
  • anterior jugular vein
  • internal jugular vein
30
Q

Which nerve innervates the platysma muscle ?

A

Cervical branch of the facial nerve

31
Q

What is the function of the hypoglossal nerve and how would you test for damage to this nerve ?

A
  • movement of the tongue
  • damage to this nerve will cause paralysis of the tongue and so if the person sticks out their tongue it will point towards the side that is damaged
32
Q

What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle ?

A

Lateral rotation of the head

33
Q

What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle ?

A
  • anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
  • posterior belly of digastric muscle
  • superior belly of the omohyoid
34
Q

What is the name of the nervous structure located posterior to the carotid sheath ?

A

Sympathetic chain

35
Q

At what vertebral level does the common carotid artery bifurcate ?

A

C3-C4

Anatomy (10 decks)

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