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HS Block 3 > Anterior Triangle of the Neck > Flashcards

Anterior Triangle of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

anterior triangle separated into 4 smaller triangles by

A

the digastric and omohyoid muscles

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2
Q

muscular triangle boundries

A

the midline of the neck, superior belly of omohyoid, and the SCM

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3
Q

carotid triangle boundries

A

the superior belly of omohyoid, posterior belly of digastric, and the SCM

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4
Q

submandibular triangle

A

bounded by anterior and posterior bellies of digastric, inferior border of mandible

contains the submandibular gland

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5
Q

submental triangle

A

bounded by anterior bellies of digastric and hyoid bone

unpaired

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6
Q

muscular triangle contents

A

contains the infrahyoid muscles

superficial layer
- sternohyoid
-omohyoid (superior and inferior belly)
deep layer
- sternothyroid
thyrohyoid

muscles depress the hyoid bone

innervated by the ansa cervicalis (except the thyrohyoid)

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7
Q

thyrohyoid innervation

A

n to thyrojoid (C1)

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8
Q

submandibular triangle contents

A

Suprahyoid muscles
digastric muscle (anterior and posterior belly)
stylohyoid (CN VII)
mylohyoid (CN V3)

facial artery and vien

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

submandibular lymph nodes

submandibular gland

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9
Q

anterior belly of digastric innervation

A

CN V(3)

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10
Q

posterior belly of digastric innervation

A

CN VII

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11
Q

submandibular gland

A

salivary gland

facial artery and vein are closely associated with it

surrounded by investing layer of deep cervical fascia

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12
Q

Carotid Triangle contents

A

common carotid artery (dividing into internal and external)

internal jugular vein

vagus nerve

ansa cervicalis

deep cervical lymph nodes

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13
Q

carotid sheath

A

contains the common and internal carotid arteries

internal jugular vein

vagus nerve

deep cervical lymph nodes

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14
Q

right common cartoid arteries come from

A

the brachiocephalic trunk

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15
Q

left common cartoid arteries come from

A

the aortic arch

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16
Q

common cartoid branches into

A

external carotid (supplies the neck and face) and internal carotid (no branches in the neck)

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17
Q

carotid sinus

A

sensory structure that monitors BP (baroreceptor)

innervation from carotid sinus nerve (branch of CN IX)

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18
Q

carotid body

A

sensory structure that monitors O2 - chemoreceptor

innervation from carotid sinus nerve (branch of CN IX)

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19
Q

Anterior branches of the external carotid artery

A

superior thyroid artery
lingual artery
facial artery

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20
Q

posterior branches of the external carotid artery

A

ascending pharyngeal a
occipital a
posterior auricular a

21
Q

terminal branches of the external carotid artery

A

maxillary a
superficial temporal a

22
Q

inferior to superior external carotid artery

A

superior thyroid
ascending pharyngeal
lingual
facial a
occipital
posterior auricular
maxially a
superifical temporal a

23
Q

internal jugular vein

A

joins with subclavian to make the brachiocephalic vein

recieves blood from brain, anterior face, cervical viscera, and deep muscles of the neck

emerges through jular foramen

lateral to carotid arteries in carotid sheath

24
Q

ansa cervicalis

A

anterior to carotid sheath

superior root carried by hypoglossal n (CN XII)

inferior root comes from C2 and C3

innervates 3 infrahyoid muscles

25
Q

Vagus nerve branches into

A

superior laryngeal nerve (branches)
and recurrent laryngeal nerve (supplies intrinsic laryngeal muscles

26
Q

superior laryngeal nerve divides into

A

internal laryngeal n - piececes thyrhyoid membrane - is sensory

external laryngeal n - travels with superior thyroid artery - motor to inferior pharyngeal constrictor and cricothyroid

27
Q

viscera of neck enclosed by

A

pretracheal layer of deep fascia

28
Q

thyroid gland

A

endocrine gland - releases thyroid hormone and calcitonin
C5-T1
2 lobes and isthmus
pyramidal lobe - is an embryonic remnant

29
Q

blood supply to the thyroid

A

superior thyroid artery (from external carotid)

inferior thyroid artery (from subclavian)

some of the population has a thyroid ima artery from the brachiocephalic trunk

30
Q

venous drainage of thyroid

A

superior thyroid veins and middle thyroid veins drain into internal jugular veins

inferior thyroid veins drain to brachiocephalic veins

31
Q

parathyroid gland

A

2 pairs
superior and inferior
supplied by thyroid vessels

removal of parathyroid glands - can lead to tetany - lower serum calcium

32
Q

1st part of subclavian artery (medial)

A

vertebral a
thryocervical trunk
internal thoracic artery

33
Q

2nd part of subclavian artery (deep)

A

costocervical trunk

34
Q

3rd part of subclavian artery (lateral)

A

dorsal scapular a

35
Q

branches of the thryrocervical trunk

A

suprascapular a
transverse cervical a
ascending cervical a
inferior thyroid a

36
Q

costocervical trunk branches

A

deep cervical a
superior(supreme) intercostal artery

37
Q

external and anterior jugular veins empty into

A

subclavian vein

38
Q

Venous angle

A

internal jugular vein and subclavian vein join to form brachiocephalic veins

receive lymph from thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct

39
Q

lymph nodes around ijv

A

deep cervical lymph nodes

40
Q

supraclavicular nodes

A

inferior group of deep cervical nodes

final filter from head and neck

41
Q

virchow’s nodes

A

left supraclavicular node

enlargement could indicate metasis from ab cavity

42
Q

nerves in the root of the neck

A

vagus nerve
recurrent laryngeal nerves
phrenic nerves
sympathetic trunk

43
Q

right recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

loops around right subclavian artery

44
Q

left recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

loops under arch of aorta

45
Q

Superior cervical ganglia

A

at C1-C2

last place where preganglionic are able to sympase

post ganglion travel on periarterial things

46
Q

middle cervical ganglia

A

at C6

47
Q

inferior cervical ganglia

A

C7
contains the cervicthoraic ganglion

48
Q

cervical sympathetic ganglia

A

no white rami
only gray rami communicans
contains cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves (post ganglionic symp)

HS Block 3 (6 decks)

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