Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
What are the boundaries of the abdominal cavity?
Roof - diaphragm
Walls - anterior and posterior abdominal muscles.
Floor - pelvis inlet
Name the 9 subdivisions of the abdomen.
Right Hypogastric - Epigastric - Left Hypogastric
Right Lumber - Umbilical - Left Lumbar
Right Iliac - Suprapubic - Left Iliac
Name the two horizonal planes that subdivide the abdominal region.
Transpyloric plane - passes through 2nd lumber vertebrae
Trans-tubercular plane - passes through 5th lumbar vertebrae
Name the vertical planes that subdivide the abdominal region.
Lateral lines
Name the layers of the anterior abdominal wall in order from most superficial to deepest
Skin Camper's Fascia Scarpa's Fascia Rectus abdominus External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominus Transversalis fascia
What direction do the different oblique muscles lie?
External oblique - diagonally downwards from lateral to medial: \\///
Internal oblique -diagonical downwards from medial to lateral: ///\\
Transversus abdominus - fibers run horizontally
What is the innervation of the oblique muscles?
T7-T12
Name the superficial veins of the abdomen
Umbilical vein
Lateral thoracic veins
Paraumbilical veins
Superficial epigastric veins
What is the rectus abdominus?
Vertical muscle which causes flexion of the trunk.
Divided segmentally from T6 to T12.
Central ligament = linea alba
Horizontal ligaments = linea semilunaris
What is the rectus sheath?
Formed by aponeurosis of the transversus abdominus, internal and external obliques.
What are the layers of aponeurosis above the arcuate line?
External oblique aponeurosis is superficial to the rectus abdominus.
Internal oblique splits in two to go both superfical and deep to the rectus abdominus.
The Transversus abdominus is deep to the rectus abdominus.
What are the layers of the aponeurosis below the arcuate line?
The aponeurosis of all three muscles (internal and external obliques and transversus abdominus) lie superficial to the rectus abdominus.
What arteries supply the rectus abdominus?
Superior and inferior epigastric arteries.
What are the two L1 nerves?
Iliohypogastric nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve
