Stomach and Spleen

Question 1

What is the location of the stomach?

Answer 1

Between the liver and spleen
Shifted to the left due to rotation of the gut in development.
Lesser curvature in the epigastric region
Greater curvature in the left hypochondrium and umbilical region.

Question 2

What is the shape of the stomach?

Answer 2

J-shaped

Question 3

Is the stomach intra or retero peritoneal?

Answer 3

Intraperitoneal - completely covered by visceral peritoneum to allow movement.

Question 4

What is the function of the body of the stomach?

Answer 4

Contains mucus glands, produces HCl and pepsinogen.
Kills bacteria.
Storage of food.
Production of intrinsic factor - allows absorption of B12.

Question 5

What is the function of gastrin and where is it produced?

Answer 5

Increases motility of the stomach contents.
Stimulates production of HCl by parietal cells.
Produced and secreted by the pyloric antrum.

Question 6

Name the 4 layers of the gut wall.

Most superficial to deepest.

Answer 6

Adventitia or serosa - connective tissue
Muscularis externa - contains myenteric plexus
Submucosa - contains submucosal plexus
Mucosa - contains ducts, glands, lymphoid tissue

Question 7

What are rugae of the stomach?

Answer 7

Mucosa of the stomach forms a series of folds called rugae. Allows room for stomach to expand.

Question 8

What is the venous drainage of the lesser curvature of the stomach?

Answer 8

Gastric veins - drain into hepatic portal system

Question 9

What is the venous drainage of the greater curvature of the stomach?

Answer 9

Right gastroepiploic vein - drains into the hepatic portal system.

Question 10

What is the MAIN venous drainage of the stomach?

Answer 10

Splenic vein - from behind the stomach.

Part of the hepatic portal system.

Question 11

What is the venous drainage of the lower part of the oesophagus?

Answer 11

The azygous plexus

Question 12

Where does the arterial supply of the stomach come from?

Answer 12

Coeliac trunk

Question 13

Name the 4 main arteries of the stomach and their origins.

Answer 13

Right gastric - Branch of common hepatic artery which branches from the coeliac trunk.
Left gastric - Arises directly from the coeliac trunk
Right gastro-omental - Terminal branch of gastoduodenal artery which arises from the common hepatic artery
Left gastro-omental - branch of the splenic artery which arises from the coeliac trunk

Question 14

What is the lymphatic drainage of the stomach?

Answer 14

Into gastric and gastro-omental lymph nodes.

Connect to coeliac lymph nodes - pre-aortic nodes

Question 15

What sort of innervation does the stomach receive?

Answer 15

Autonomic innervation - sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 16

Where does sympathetic innervation of the stomach arise from?

Answer 16

From anterior and posterior vagal trunks - dervied from the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)

Question 17

Where does the parasympathetic innervation of the stomach arise from?

Answer 17

From T6 to T9

Passes through coeliac plexus via the greater splanchnic nerve.

Question 18

Where is the spleen located?

Answer 18

To the left of the stomach
Between the 9th and 11th rib.
Left hypochondrium

Question 19

What is the function of the spleen?

Answer 19

Removes blood borne antigens, destroys old blood cells/platelets, stores blood cells.

Question 20

What is the arterial supply of the spleen?

Answer 20

The splenic artery (branch of the coeliac trunk) - branches into 5 to supply 5 different regions of the spleen.

Question 21

What is the evnous drainage of the spleen?

Answer 21

Via the splenic vein - drains into the hepatic portal system.

Question 22

Where does innervation of the arise from?

Answer 22

The coeliac plexus.