Antagonistic pairs

Question 1

Define an antagonist pair

Answer 1

An Antagonistic pair is two muscles that have opposite effects to each other.

Question 2

Is muscular contraction an active or passive process? Explain why.

Answer 2

Muscular contraction is an active process and requires energy in the form of ATP.

Question 3

how are muscles connected to bones?

Answer 3

Muscles are connected to bones by tendons.

Question 4

Muscles are connected to bones by tendons. What happens when the muscle contracts?

Answer 4

When the muscle contracts, the tendon pulls on the bone, causing it to move.

Question 5

They cannot push but how do muscles pull?

Answer 5

Muscles can only pull (by contracting or shortening).

Question 6

Explain the process of muscular movements in order to pull the lower arm up.

Answer 6

For example, in the forearm a muscle on top of the humerus called the biceps contracts to pull the lower arm up

Question 7

How is the lower arm straightened? (what is required to do this? Describe this thing)

Answer 7

A second muscle is required to straighten the lower arm.

This is a smaller, weaker muscle (called the triceps), located at the back of the humerus.

It contracts to straighten the arm.

Question 8

In the forearm, a muscle on top of the humerus called the biceps contracts to pull the lower arm up.
A second muscle is required to straighten the lower arm.
This is a smaller, weaker muscle (called the triceps), located at the back of the humerus.
It contracts to straighten the arm.

In this example, what do the biceps and triceps act as?

Answer 8

In this example, the biceps is a flexor (i.e. it closes the joint) and the triceps is an extensor (it opens the joint).