Antagonism, Isolation, Water anaylisis

Question 1

Selman Walksman

Answer 1

coined the term antibiotic- Streptomycin

Question 2

strepomycin

Answer 2

cure for tuberculosis

Question 3

alma whiffen

Answer 3

mycologist - antifungal agent cycloheimdie produced by s. griseus

Question 4

cyloheximide

Answer 4

Toxic to eukaryotic cells and its research application - inhibiting growth of fungi in bacterial cultures

Question 5

alexander fleming

Answer 5

penicillin,

Question 6

paul ehrlich

Answer 6

magic bullet hypothesis

Question 7

characteristics of antibiotics

Answer 7

therapeutic agents
selectively toxic towards microorganism
kill/inhibit growth of bacteria
produced by microbes or synthetic antibiotic
small secondary metabolies

Question 8

actinomyces

Answer 8

soil organisms produce 60% of our antibiotics

Question 9

soil microbes

Answer 9

evolved many adaptions: synthesize biochemical, break down complex molecules, cycle nutrients and elements.
live in competitive environment

Question 10

thermal cycle

Answer 10

thermus aquaticus and Taq polymerase

Question 11

Traq polymerase

Answer 11

thermus aquaticus - polymerization of dNTP into a DNA strand

Question 12

dNTP

Answer 12

mix of nucleotides building blocks of new DNA strand

Question 13

Polymerase buffer

Answer 13

creates optimum activity of Taq polymerase

Question 14

Tris-HCI

Answer 14

maintain pH

Question 15

EDTA

Answer 15

chelating agent, keep DNA intact

Question 16

MgCl2

Answer 16

cofactor for Taq polymerase

Question 17

KCI

Answer 17

neutralizes charges in DNA template

Question 18

Triton

Answer 18

stabilizes DNA

Question 19

primers

Answer 19

small nucleotides sequence- locate target DNA fragments