antacids Flashcards
stomach conditions
- acidic of 1-2 pH which is due to the release of Hydrochloric acid from the parietal cells in the gastric clands on the stomach lining wall
- acid kills bacteria and create soptimum conditions for enzymes
acid indigestion
feeling of discomfort from too much acid in the stomach
heartburn
acid from the stomach rising into the oesophagus
ulcer
damage to th elining of the gut wall, resulting in loss of tissue and inflmation
antacid
a wak base that neutralizes an acid
excess acid production
causes heartburn and damage to the stomach lining walls; creates good environment for Helicobacteri pylori bacteria to cause peptic ulcers
H2 receptor antagonists
blocks histamin-h2 interaction by competitive inhibition
histamine function
in stomach, stimulates the secretion of stomach acid by interacting with a h2 receptor in the parietal cells in the gastric glands
example of H2-receptor antagonist
rantitidine (zantac)
Proton pump action
in the last step of gastric acid secretion, the parietal cells in the gastric glands pump H+ across their membranes and into the lumen of the stomach
- for each H+ ion pumped into the lumen, K+ ions pump in opposite directions so there is no charge build up
- the movement of ions requies ATP and happens in the use of gastric proton pump or H+/K+ Atpase
proton pump inhibitor
inhibitor the proton pump from releasing acid into the stomach lumen
example of proton pump inhibitor
esomprazole/nexium
acid buffer solutions
pKa + Log10 (salt)/(acid)
reaction with calcium hydroxide
produce calcium chloride and water
reaction with mangesium hydroxide
produces magnesium chloride and water
