ANS Flashcards
ANS
visceral efferent system
involuntary
has motor components
innervated
there is connection between terminal end nerve fiber and target tissue
dually innervated
structure receiving nerves from sympathetic and parasympathetic
most organs dually innervated have reciprocal activation
tactile sensation
tactile receptors in skin
density of receptors vary
proprioception
knowing body position in space @ time
internal receptors to allow brain to know where body is
nociception
can’t verbally express pain
lower motor neuron
only motor neuron that leaves brainstem
calcium
all skeletal muscles mediated by
all exocytotic events mediated by
flacid paralysis
paralysis of skeletal muscles, could be caused by presynaptic Ach accidently
-always cause post synaptic response but doesn’t always cause contractions
Nicotinic type 1?
acetylcholine esterase
digests ach
cholineaceytyl CoA transfertase
joins acetyl CoA and choline together to make Ach
Nm receptors
transmembrane
excitatory
ionotropic
sense “tissue” damage
–results in depolarization but no AP
ionotropic
Ach causes channels to open and release ions
graded potential
summate/ add up
EPSP
excitatory post synaptic potential
causes depolarization, carried by sodium
in skeletal muscle
IPSP
inhibitory post synaptic potential
downregulates next nerve fiber
spacially indiscrete
+ chronotropism
+ inotropism
increase BP
—- stimulates multi organ. multi tissue activation
reticellular formation
place in brain that makes you hyper aware of surroundings
epi
from adrenal medulla
increase glycogen phosphorylase (liver and skeletal muscle)
N2 receptor
ionotropic
ligand gated depolarization
increase density of V-gated Na+ channels
to make NE
need tyrosine or phenylalanine
-tyrosine carboxylase enzyme needed
DOPA
dopamine
-substrate for enzymes that make NE and epinephrine
PNMT
phenylethanolamine N- methyl transferase
enzyme that converts NE to epinephrine
muscarinic receptors
g-protein
interganglionic commissural fiber
ganglionic chain in sympathetic
PNS
long then short for 2 projection neuron
only muscarinic receptors
Sympathetic nervous system
short then long for 2 projection neuron
alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
–synapse at adrenal medulla or ganglion-> organ
E:NE
85:15
NE route
NE-> PNMT-> bloodstream-> hormone
metabotropic receptor
EX: muscarinic
heterotrimeric (3 different parts)
-receptor to Ach, alows for dissociation of g-protein
ionotropic receptor
EX: nicotinic
Ach attach to receptor
-ions moving
-find between 1st and 2nd synapse
chemical messenger
biogenic amines (catacholamines)
amino acid neurotransmitters
GABA
-inhibitory NT
-brain and spinal cord
-receptors multisubunit
-induce CL current (hyperpolarize)
indirect gating
use second messenger
direct gating
ach to receptor, ions flow
signal transduction
GTP binding proteins
-couple hormone receptors to effector molecules
-hetertrimeric
G proteins can be stimulatory or inhibitory
6 step plan
recognition, transduction, transmission, modulation of effector, response, termination
somatic nervous system
one neuron, Type 1 nicotinic receptor
skeletal muscle!!
propranolol
beta blocker (antagonist) for NE and epi and indirect alpha agonist
phentolamine
alpha antagonist, induce vasodilation
atropine
block ach, anti muscarinic
dobutamine
beta-1 agonist (stimulates), increase HR
dexmetetomadine
alpha-2 agonist
-activate g-protein in brainstem to inhibit NE
prazosin
alpha antagonist, induce vasodilation to decrease HR
