Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

High Risk OB > Anomalies in Polyhydramnios 3 > Flashcards

Anomalies in Polyhydramnios 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the differential diagnoses of abdominal cysts?

A

ovarian cysts, mesenteric cysts, omental cysts, enteric duplication cysts, urachal cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An anomaly of the ______ can cause urachal pathology

A

allantois

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where are urachal cysts located in relation to the bladder?

A

anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pseudoascites is caused by?

A

hypoechoic abdominal muscles mimic fluid along anterior abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ascites is associated with?

A

fetal hydrops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Esophageal atresia

A

absence of stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why does esophageal atresia cause polyhydramnios?

A

fetus cannot swallow fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Duodenal atresia

A

blockage of duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Duodenal atresia has _____ AFP levels

A

normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Duodenal atresia is associated with what sign?

A

“double bubble sign”; distended stomach and proximal duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Jejunoileal atresia is also known as?

A

bowel atresia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Jejunoileal atresia is associated with?

A

meconium ileus and cystic fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does jejunoileal atresia appear sonographically?

A

three adjacent “cysts”; stomach duodenum, jejunum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Meconium ileus

A

impacted thick meconium in distal ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Meconium ileus is associated with?

A

cystic fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does meconium ileus appear sonographically?

A

ileum is filled with echogenic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Meconium peritonitis

A

bowel perforation caused by bowel atresia or meconium ileus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How does meconium peritonitis appear sonographically?

A

calcifications throughout abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Echogenic bowel is associated with?

A

cystic fibrosis, infection, intrauterine growth retardation, chromosomal anomalies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

True or False: A fetus with echogenic bowel will never have a normal outcome

A

False; normal outcome if isolated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fetal gallstones are associated with?

A

cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

secretion of extra mucus, especially on the stomach and pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cystic fibrosis is also known as?

A

mucoviscidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

RBCs are crescent shaped, stiff, and sticky; abnormal hemoglobin; decreased mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Gastroschisis has _____ AFP levels

A

elevated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Gastroschisis

A

abdominal wall defect; free floating small bowel in amniotic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Gastroschisis is typically located _____ of the umbilical CI

A

right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

True or False: Gastroschisis has a good prognosis

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Omphalocele

A

midline abdominal wall defect; herniated intestines covered by amion and peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Omphalocele usually has _______ AFP levels

A

elevated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

True or False: Omphalocele has a good prognosis

A

False; poor prognosis

32
Q

Cloacal exstrophy

A

defect of the ventral body wall

33
Q

Cloaca

A

structure from which the rectum and urogenital sinus develops

34
Q

Cloacal exstrophy is also called?

A

OEIS complex

35
Q

OEIS complex stands for?

A

Omphalocele, exstrophy of the bladder, imperforate anus, spina bifida

36
Q

OEIS complex has _____ AFP levels

37
Q

Limb-body wall complex is characterized by?

A

major abdominal wall defect (abdominoschisis), severe kyphoscoliosis, short/absent umbilical cord

38
Q

Abdominoschisis

A

entire abdomen is open

39
Q

Limb-body wall complex is also known as?

A

body-stalk anomaly

40
Q

VACTERL Syndrome

A

Vertebral, Anus, Cardiac, Tracheo-esophageal fistula, Esophageal atresia, Renal, Limb

41
Q

Achondrogensis

A

genetic disorder that affects bone and cartilage development during fetal growth

42
Q

What is the second most common lethal skeletal dysplasia?

A

Achondrogenesis

43
Q

Skeletal abnormalities associated with achondrogenesis

A

extremely short stature, shortened limbs, small head with large forehead, narrow chest, spinal deformities, joint stiffness

44
Q

Campomelic dysplasia

A

genetic disorder that affects the development of skeleton, reproductive organs, and other systems

45
Q

Main features of Campomelic dysplasia

A

short stature with bowed long bones, clubfeet, macrocephaly, flat face with prominent forehead, cleft palate, heart defects, respiratory problems, underdeveloped reproductive organs

46
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta

A

disorder of collagen production; brittle bones and multiple fractures

47
Q

Which type of osteogenesis imperfecta is the most lethal?

48
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta type II characteristics

A

detected prenatally; multiple fractures, short bones, bell chest, thin cranium

49
Q

Sonographic features of osteogenesis imperfecta type II

A

decreases ossification, decreased echogenicity, decreased attenuation, compressible calvaria, shortened limbs

50
Q

How does OI affect the sclera?

A

sclera of eye becomes thinner and translucent which shows underlying tissue

51
Q

Short Rib-Polydactyly syndrome (SRPS)

A

lethal skeletal disorders that affect the ribs, limbs, and fingers

52
Q

Why is SRPS lethal?

A

causes severe pulmonary hypoplasia

53
Q

SRPS is characterized by?

A

short ribs, short limbs, and extra digits

54
Q

Characteristics of homozygous achondroplasia

A

trident hand, short stature, respiratory problems, macrocephaly, frontal bossing

55
Q

What is the most common lethal skeletal dysplasia?

A

Thanatophoric dysplasia

56
Q

Characteristics of thanatophoric dysplasia

A

severe rhizomelia, micromelia, bowing of limbs, clover leaf skull (kleeblattschadel), macrocephaly, frontal bossing, bell shapes chest, protuberant abdomen

57
Q

What is the most common non-lethal skeletal dysplasia?

A

heterozygous achondroplasia

58
Q

What is the most common kind of human dwarfism?

A

heterozygous achondroplasia

59
Q

Characteristics of heterozygous achondroplasia

A

shortened limbs, enlarged skull, shortened vertebrae, small space between middle fingers, shortened iliac bones

60
Q

Arthrogryposis

A

rare condition with multiple joint contractures present at birth

61
Q

Arthrogryposis is also called?

A

arthrogryposis multiplex congenita

62
Q

What is the most common single contracture with arthrogryposis?

A

congenital clubfoot

63
Q

Micromelia

A

entire limb is short

64
Q

rhizomelia

A

prox portion of limb is short

65
Q

mesomelia

A

mid portion of limb is short

66
Q

acromelia

A

dis portion of the limb is short

67
Q

phocomelia

A

mid portion of limb is absent

68
Q

hemimelia

A

dis portion of the limb is absent

69
Q

amelia

A

absent limb

70
Q

acheiria

A

absent hand

71
Q

apodia

A

absent foot

72
Q

adactyly

A

absent digits

73
Q

polydactyly

A

extra digits

74
Q

clinodactyly

A

overlapping digits

75
Q

syndactyly

A

fused/webbed feet

High Risk OB (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions