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Biodiversity > Annelids - Segmented worms > Flashcards

Annelids - Segmented worms Flashcards

1
Q

Define metamerism

A

Where the body is divided into segments - each segment is called a metamere

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2
Q

Define Tagmatisation

A

Fusion of metameres to form specialised regions

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3
Q

Symmetry, blastia and coelom

A

Bilateral, Triploblastic and Coelomate

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4
Q

How do oligochaeta move - what is the name for this type of movement

A

The fluid-filled coelom forms a hydrostatic skeleton against which longitudinal and radial muscles can contract to perform peristalsis

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5
Q

What is the name of the chitinous bristles on most Annelids

A

Chaetae

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6
Q

What is the coelom of the earthworm partitioned by

A

Septa

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7
Q

What 2 groups are polychaetae divided into

A

Errantia and sedentaria

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8
Q

How do errantia move

A

A pair of parapodia on each segment has many chaetae that are used for crawling

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9
Q

How do errantia feed

A

Possess an eversible pharynx that is equipped with jaws

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10
Q

How do sedentaria move

A

They are permanent tube dwellers so can only prtoect their head via retraction - parapodial ridges act as hooks to grip walls and move up and down

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11
Q

How to sedentaria feed

A

Feathery tentacles trap particles

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12
Q

Asexual and sexual reproduction in Polychaetae

A

Asexual - formation of epitokes
Sexual - Swarming, fertilisation and hatching to form trocophore larvae

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13
Q

What is the role of the typhlosole in Oligochaeta

A

Increases SA for absorption

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14
Q

Which cells work as a primitive liver in the excretory (metanephridia) system in Oligochaeta - name 2 roles

A

Chloragogen cells - neutralise toxins and store glycogen

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15
Q

Outline feeding in Oligochaeta

A

Surface is covered in chemoreceptors to detect food
Food moves to muscular pharynx then to oesophagus
Passed into crop for storage then ground in the gizzard
Passed through intestine and out of anus

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16
Q

How are Oligochaeta sensitive to vibrations

A

Well developed ventral nerve cord

17
Q

How can Oligochaeta self and cross fertilise

A

they are hermaphrodites

18
Q

Give 4 functions of the Clitellum

A
  1. Turns yellow during mating season
  2. Produces mucous to bind mating pairs
  3. Forms cocoons for eggs
  4. Allows sperm transfer
19
Q

How do Oligochaeta respire

A

Diffusion through body wall which is moist due to mucous secretions

20
Q

What is the name of the anticoagulant that Hirudinea produce

A

Hirudinin

21
Q

How do hirudinea move

A

Sucker at each end - no parapodia

22
Q

What is special about the coelom of hirudinea

A

Tissue-filled coelom with reduced segmentation and no septa

23
Q

What excretory system do Hirudinea use

A

Metanephridia

24
Q

Term used to describe the eyes of Hirudinea

A

Photoreceptor clusters

25
Q

How do Hirudinea respire

A

Diffusion through body wall

26
Q

What is the prostomium

A

Anterior-most segment

Biodiversity (24 decks)

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