Ankle Orthoses Flashcards
true or false: AFO Can affect mechanics @ knee
true
How does AFO differ from an FO?
- Improved tibial control
- Improved foot control
- Can affect mechanics @ knee il
Superior trim line usually ___’’ distal to fibula head
1-1/2
avoid nerve pressure
a pt is wearing an AFO with foot straps, what may the patient have?
spasticity
a pt is wearing a hinged AFO with a dorsiflexion stop, what ankle mm are weak?
Mostly with weak plantarflexor muscles: think stance
a pt is wearing a hinged AFO with a plantarflexion stop, what ankle mm are weak?
Mostly with weak dorsiflexor muscles: think swing
Goals of AFO During SWING
- Foot clearance: safety
- Reduces need for inefficient gait compensations
- Set up for proper foot positioning at IC
If excessive flexion during MST → Positioning AFO in
plantarflexion encourages knee extension
If excessive extension during MST → Positioning AFO in
slight DF encourages knee flex
**quad strength to control flexion**
If excessive flexion during MST → Positioning AFO in
plantarflexion to encourage knee extension
Solid/Locked AFO indications
- Ankle weakness/instability
- Increased PF tone
- Mild knee hyperextension or buckling (flexion)
SAFO drawbacks
- Sit to stand, stairs, inclines
- Alter motion during gait
- produces compensations
Anterior band AFO AKA
Floor reaction AFO or Ground Reaction AFO
Anterior Band AFO (Floor/ground reaction AFO) during IC/LR prevents any
anterior translation of the tibia
for knee extension weakness
Hinged AFO (HAFO) indications
- M/L instability
- DF/PF ROM is available
- DF/PF weakness
- (amount of motion is customized)
HAFO with DF assist indications
weak DF
true or false: HAFO with DF assists controls loading response preventing foot slap on a patient with weak tibialis anterior
true in theory, but false in clinic
HAFO with PF stop indications
- Absent or weak ankle DF
- Increased PF muscle tone
HAFO with PF stop prevents what during the swing phase?
prevents toe drag
does a HAFO with PF stop allows tibia to translate forward during stance?
yes
HAFO with DF stop indications
- Absent or weak ankle PF
- Intact DF strength
- Mild knee extensor weakness
pop: which device is not appropriate for pt with absent ankle IV/EV with weak DF/PF
a. HAFO - free motion
b. HAFO - DF stop at 3 deg. with assist and PF stop at 0 deg.
c. SMO
d. KAFO
a and c
Posterior Leaf Spring (PLS) indications
-
Good for DF weakness
- Usually used post CVA
- Pt may present with foot slap or toe drag
- Not first choice if no or minimal DF strength
Posterior Leaf Spring (PLS) is not good for the person with
mod to max PF weakness or increased PF tone
