Ankle-Foot Complex Flashcards
What is the Distal Tibiofibular Joint
Formed by the fibrous union between the lateral aspect of the distal tibia and distal fibula
What is the Talocrural joint
Articulation between the distal tibia and fibula and the talus.
- lots of stability in dorsiflexion much more mobile in plantar flexion
What is the joint classification of the talocrural joint?
Synovial hinge joint
- one degree of freedom
What is the open packed position? Closed Packed position and capsular pattern of the Talocrural joint?
Open Packed Position: 10 degree plantar flexion, midway between max inversion and eversion
Closed Packed Position: Maximum Dorsiflexion
Capsular Pattern: Plantar Flexion
What is the subtalar joint and its articulations?
Anterior and Posterior articulations between the talus and the calcaneus.
Subtalar Joint:
Anterior and Middle Articulations
Formed by:
Two Convex Facets on the talus and two concave facets on the calcaneus.
Subtalar Joint:
Posterior Articulation
Formed by:
Concave facet on the inferior surface of the talus
Convex facet on the body of the calcaneus
What is the open packed position? Closed Packed position and capsular pattern of the Subtalar Joint?
Open Packed Position: Midway between the extremes of motion
Closed Packed Position: supination
Capsular Pattern: limitation of varus ROM
Midtarsal Joint:
Articulation
Between the:
Calcaneocuboid joint and the talocalcaneonavicular joint
Considered to have two axes: longitudinal and oblique
What is the open packed position? Closed Packed position and capsular pattern of the Midtarsal Joint?
Open Packed Position: midway between the extremes of ROM
Closed Packed Position: supination
Capsular Pattern: Dorsiflexion > plantar flexion > adduction > medial rotation
What joints make up the forefoot?
Tarsometatarsal Joints
Metatarsophalangeal Joints
Interphalangeal Joints
What muscles produce Plantar Flexion
Tibialis Posterior
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Peroneus Longus and Brevis
Plantaris
Flexor Hallucis
What muscles produce Dorsiflexion?
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Peroneus Tertius
What muscles produce Inversion?
Tibialis Posterior
Tibialis Anterior
Flexor Digitorum Longus
What Muscles produces Eversion?
Peroneus Longus/Brevis/Tertius
What is the anterior talofibular ligament?
Taut during plantar flexion
Resists Inversion of the talus and calcaneus
Resists anterior translation of the talus on the tibia
What is the calcaneofibular ligament?
Resists inversion of the talus [with the midrange of talocrural joint motion]
What is the deltoid ligament?
formed by the:
Anterior Tibiotalar ligament
Tibiocalcaneal Ligament
Posterior Tibiotalar Ligament
Tibionavicular Ligament
Provides medial ligamentous support by resisting eversion of the talus
What is the interosseous membrane and its function?
Strong fibrous tissue that fixates the fibular to the tibia.
Provides additional support to the tibiofibular syndesmosis joint
What is the plantar fascia and its function?
thick layer of fascial tissue on the plantar aspect of foot.
Originates on the calcaneal tuberosity and inserts on the plantar forefoot.
Plays a roles in supporting the weight of the body and also supports the arch of the foot for improved propulsion during gait/
What is the retinacula of the foot and its function?
Major retinaculum is the: Extensor Retinaculum
Lays on the anterior aspect of the foot, containing the structures of the extensor muscles
prevent bowstringing with ankle dorsiflexion
- also anterior and peroneal retinaculum
What is the retrocalcaneal bursa?
lies just anterior to the Achilles tendon where it attaches into the superior calcaneus.
- Acts as a cushion to the tendon and the bone
- Can lead to irritation with trauma or overuse
