ankle and foot -bunions

Question 1

What is a bunion

Answer 1

called hallux valgus- large toe laterally deviated from midline (TOWARDSlesser toes)- lead to the joint to be larger

will worsen joint mechanics and caause pain while wearing shoes

mainly related to poorly fitted shoes and flat foot

Question 2

Hx and Exam of bunions

Answer 2

mainly assess complications- worse with shoes/weight bearing? Impact on activities
recent change of footwear

examine for
Flat FOOT (pes planus)
callusesm bursitis, skin breakdown
Change is vascular
NO XRAY

Question 3

Ix and Mx of bunions

Answer 3

Ix- exam

mx- self care-
low heeled wide shoes
insoles, toe spacers
analgesia (NSAID)
Refer o poeiatry
orthopod if persist 3months , 2nd toe involved
-> surgery-> 1 MTP oestotomy

Urgent refer if ulcers