ANISOCYTOSIS

Question 1

______: increase in variation
- thus increasing _____

NORMOCYTE
1. normal diameter
2. normal MCV
3. not all cells are normal, there is classification known as _____ which are normal in size (MCV: 80-100) but there is anemia which is related to the decrease in production

Answer 1

ANISOCYTOSIS
- RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH

NORMOCYTE
1. 7-8um
2. 80-100um
3. NORMOCYTIC ANEMIA

Question 2

MICROCYTE

1. Main cause: Any defect in heme or globin that results in IMPAIRED ______ thus cells undergo extra division
   - develops from ineffective iron ___,____,____

disease associated w/ impaired iron/heme:
2. deficiency anemia that affects heme
3. iron precipitate due to protoporphyrin 9 deficiency leading to siderotic granules
4. inflammation activates macrophages & T lymphocytes causing increased production of cytokines that will inhibit normal iron metabolism

disease associated w/ globin:
5. anemia that affects globin
6. interferes in heme synthesis through enzymes

Answer 2

1. HB SYNTHESIS
   - ineffective iron utilization,absorption,
   or release

disease associated w/ impaired iron/heme:
2. IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
3. SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA
4. ANEMIA OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION

disease associated w/ globin:
5. THALASSEMIA
6. LEAD POISONING

Question 3

MACROCYTE

reasons why it is big
1. immature: ______
2. failure of division: ______
- affects ____ maturation
- due to deficiency in this synthesis it undergoes slow maturation and mitosis leading to large cells = _____
- which can be due to ____ or ____ deficiency
3. composition of cell membrane increases:
- ____ & ____ levels are increase

Answer 3

1. ACCELERATED ERYTHROPOIESIS
2. DEFECTIVE DNA SYNTHESIS
   - NUCLEAR MATURATION
   - MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA
   - VITAMIN B12 or FOLIC ACID
   3.
   - MEMBRANE CHOLESTEROL AND LECITHIN LEVELS

Question 4

MACROCYTE CONDITIONS

1. BM compensates for blood loss or lysis by producing immature RBC thus high
   reticulocyte count
2. affected by impaired DNA synthesis because cells fail to divide or suffer from long mitosis resulting to _______
3. chemical infused to destroy the malignant cells often target the DNA of cell thus affecting DNA
4. increase cholesterol lipids causing loading to phospholipid bilayer
5. thyroid is necessary for metabolism, T3 & T4, for regulating other hormone
6. removal of this will lead to no filtration of blood causing abnormality in circulation

Answer 4

1. HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA & ACUTE BLOOD LOSS
2. OVAL MACROCYTE
3. CHEMOTHERAPY
4. LIVER DISEASE
5. HYPOTHYROIDISM
6. POST-SPLENECTOMY

Question 5

Presence of 2 distinct populations of red cells that may differ in size, shape or hemoglobin content thus it may be a mixture of hypochromic cell & normochromic cell or a microcytic cell or macro

seen in:
1. anemia after transfusion cells: (2)
2. iron deficiency during therapy: (3)
3. iron deficiency and vitamin 12:
- developing cells near w/ iron:
- cells w/ developing iron:
4. combined vitb12/ folate:
- usually seen in
4. anemia characterized by dimorphism
- ___ w/ ____

Answer 5

DINMORPHIC RBCs

seen in:
1. ANEMIC & TRANSFUSED CELLS
2. NORMOCYTIC, MICROCYTIC, HYPOCHROMIC
3. iron deficiency and vitamin 12:
- NORMOCYTES
- MICROCYES
4. MACROCYTOSIS
- PREGNANT
4. SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA
- microcytes with normocytes

Question 6

GRADING OF ANISOCYTOSIS

NORMAL
SLIGHT
1
2+
3+
4+

Answer 6

5%
5-10%
10-25%
25-50%
50-75%
>75%

Question 7

GRADING OF MACROCYTOSIS (NO VARIATION)

SLIGHT
MODERATE
MARKED

Answer 7

25%
25-50%
>50%