Animo Acids and Proteins Flashcards
what are the functions of proteins
structural components (of muscle and bone) membrane cariers and pores all enzymes are proteins many hormones are proteins antibodies are proteins
how are polymers made
by joining lots of monomers together
what are the monomers used to make proteins called
animo acids
what is the basic structure of animo acids
animo group at one end
acid group at other
carbon in-between the animo and acid group
what does a backbone refer to
this is when animo acids are joined end to end
what group is difernat in each animo acid
the R group
how do plants manufacture there own animo acids
they take nitrates from the soil which is then converted into an animo group and bonded to organic groups made in photosyphasis
what are essential animo acids
these are animo acids that the animals cannot build from materials they take into there bodies
they can be fond in meat though
why can animo aids be stored
becuae the animo group makes them toxic if large quantity of them
what is deamination
the removal of excess animo acids
what is a dipeptide
when 2 animo acids join together, if this keeps happening eventually forms pollypeptide
what is covalent bond between acid and animo group in a condensation reaction called
peptide bond
new molecule is called dipeptide
how are polypeptides and proteins made
protein synthesis - uses information in form of messenger RNA to put animo acids in order to make a specific polypeptide chain
what is the primary structure
a primary structure is the unique sequence of animo acids in a polypeptide or protein
what are protease enzymes
catalyse the reaction that breaks down peptide bonds
