Animal Welfare II Flashcards
What is animal welfare?
Animal welfare refers to the mental and physical well-being of the animal.
-Welfare can be measured using scientific practices that record pain, frustration, fear and pleasure
What are animal rights?
Animal rights is the idea that animals are entitled to freedom and people should not use them for food.
How does tech benefit livestock?
improves their living conditions
our ability to monitor their health.
helps farmers manage their animals more efficiently and give better individual care compared with what a limited staff can provide.
What are the 3 innovations for feeding livestock?
Precision for feeding
Safety of livestock feed
Nutrition of Livestock feed
What is precision for feeding?
A new feeding system for meat chickens allows birds to enter freely and the robot releases feed if the chicken is not overweight.
This system improves welfare because birds have an equal opportunity to eat and they do not suffer the consequences of being under- or over-weight
What is the safety of livestock feed?
Feed manufacturers monitor their practices to keep food safe from physical, biological or chemical hazards, which can lead to illness.
Farmers can prevent devastating outbreaks of foodborne illness in livestock by monitoring the safety of their feed.
Programs were developed so feed suppliers could be audited and certified for following safe management practices.
What is the nutrition of livestock feed?
Feeding livestock is a science that considers the nutrient requirements of an animal at different stages of life
Companies that sell livestock feed innovate to improve the quality and nutrition of their feed.
What is mastitis?
Pathogenic bacteria lurk on an animal’s body and occasionally find an entrance into the body
The teats are an entry point for bacteria when dairy cattle are milked, and bacteria can cause infection in the udder.
An infected udder may be inflamed and painful to the touch,
How can you treat mastitis?
Antibiotics can treat the infection.
What is the primary use off antibiotics in dairy cows?
Mastitis
What is biosecurity?
A set of practices that reduce the risk of introducing and spreading disease.
Biosecurity protects farm animals from diseases carried by people, animals, pests and vehicles by using sanitation and segregation practices, and building/premises maintenance.
What is foot rot?
This infectious disease causes the tissues of living animals to rot, and then the animal lies down in pain
If treatment is delayed this disease spreads to deeper tissues and it becomes less likely that the animal will recover.
What causes foot rot?
The culprit is a bacterial infection, so the disease can be successfully treated using antibiotics prescribed by a veterinarian.
What is the focus for slaughterhouses?
to make slaughter low-stress and low-pain
What environmental issues does livestock contribute to
Expansion of production area may cause deforestation
Poor management may cause degradation of water and soil quality
Often uses more resources to produce than other foods (e.g. crops)
In raising livestock, where does the generation of. GHGs come from?
Natural digestive processes in ruminant livestock that lead them to burp and pass greenhouse gases
The energy needed to produce and process livestock feed
The breakdown of manure in storage
The energy to process and transport food products
How can impact of livestock production on the environment be mitigated?
by using best management practices or technologies that improve efficiency
Why do we want to increase efficiency?
Efficiency means that the same product is produced using fewer resources
Why do we continue to produce meat?
Flavour,
Source of protein and nutrients
Consumers with rising incomes can afford more meat
Using land that can not produce crops
How is livestock valuable in developing countries?
Food source
Income source (meat, milk, eggs, wool, leather)
Power source for heavy lifting or pulling
Manure fertilizer
Weed control as animals eat weeds
In developing countries when money isn’t available for the best new tech what do farmers use?
Traditional methods such as: Low technology Low efficiency Use inefficient machinery Use hand labou
