Agriculture in Canada II Flashcards
What are the 3 levels of government ?
Federal
Provincial
Municipal
What is the purpose of the federal government?
Developing policies and programs
Supporting research
Supporting technology
Managing interprovincial and export trade
Also offer grants for growth and innovation
What is the purpose of provincial governments?
Delivering funding Offering advisory services and tools Developing regulations on land use, environmental stewardship etc. Offering resources and information Managing trade within the province
What is the purpose of the municipal government?
Focused on issues in their local city or town. The local council decides on bylaws that affect agricultural activities
How can municipal government hinder agriculture?
Limitation of pesticide use
Limitation of livestock management practices
Delay of farm business expansion
How can municipal government support agriculture?
Considerate practices for land use
Lowered taxation to recognize that farmers require fewer municipal services per acre of land compared with other businesses
Financial support
What are inputs?
Resources or tools that are used by farmers while producing food
- They help improve production of food products
- However using more than you need is wasteful
Why are nutrients added to plants?
To increase food production and prevent deficiency
What are some of the crop protection chemicals?
Pesticides
Herbicides
Fungicides
Where do most farmers get their seeds every year?
Purchased annually form seed companies
-ensures there is no disease of pathogen
Where are milder temps found in canada?
Milder in Continental regions
continental regions have coldest winter and warmest summers
What is the range of the growing season in canada/
0-190 days
Why is it that some plants are not suitable for growing regions in Canada with cold summer temps?
Cold weather slows plant growth
Cold soil kills seeds
Frost Kills flowers and new growth
What is perennial crop?
Plant that lives for more than 2 years and survives the winter
How can you protect crops from frost?
Wind machines
- protect 15 acres
- 25000 Each
- compant started in Washington and how supply 70% of the world wind machines
How does extreme cold affect plants?
If temp goes below the minimum temp the plant can tolerate it dies
If roots dont have enough soil to protect them it can damage the plant
Cold tress can harm livestock
What are the benefits of winter?
Cold is needed to initiate flowers
Cold kills insect and pests
Which regions of Canada are at high risk of drought?
Southern regions of prairies
Interior valleys of BC
Which regions of Canada are at medium risk of drought?
Southern Ontario
Quebec
Which regions of Canada are at low risk of drought?
Atlantic provinces
What are some drought management practices?
Grow plants that are adapted to dry conditions
Breed plants that are drought tolerant
Install irrigation to supple water
How does excess water impact agriculture?
Excess water delays seeding crops
Excess water damages plants
Prolonged witness causes fungal disease
Wet pasture cannot support grazing by livestock
What are some heavy rainfall management practices?
Choose plants adapted to wet conditions
Tile drainage removes water
Fungicides kills fungus
Why are railroads used to transport food?
Used to transport but products like grains and seeds
- good for large distances
- more cost effective than using transport trucks
What are the downfalls of trains?
- Cant travel directly to where the shipment needs to go
- Slower because of loading and unloading
- Not always available depending on the farm region
What is the most flexible form of transportation?
Transports
-can do short or long distances
What are the pros and cons of transports?
Pros
Faster
More reliable
Less prone to damage
Con
Cant transport large volumes economically
