Animal studies Flashcards

1
Q

Goal of dose response studies

A
  1. ID shape of curve

2. mathematical model for curve

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2
Q

positive slope

A

agent produces the health effect

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3
Q

zero slope

A

agent does not produce effect

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4
Q

negative slope

A

agent protects against health effect

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5
Q

steeper slope

A

more potent agent

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6
Q

unit risk

A

change in response per unit increase in dose

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7
Q

Unit risk is a measure of _____

A

potency

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8
Q

threshold

A

some minimum dose level needs to occur before a response occurs

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9
Q

Carcinogen threshold

A

NO

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10
Q

Toxin threshold

A

YES

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11
Q

stochastic

A

cancer

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12
Q

non stochastic

A

cataracts, erythema, etc

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13
Q

cyclamates

A

animal studies suggested harmful, but was not

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14
Q

thalidomide

A

animal studies suggested safe, but was not

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15
Q

point of departure

A

beginning of low dose extrapolation

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16
Q

MTD

A

maximum tolerable dose

highest amount that does not kill

17
Q

1/2 MTD

A

half max tolerable dose

18
Q

NOEL

A

No Observed Effect Level

Highest amount that causes no biological functions and is indistinguishable from control

19
Q

NOAEL

A

No observed Adverse Effect Level

highest dose with no adverse effect level compared to control

20
Q

LOAEL

A

Lowest dose with significant increase in adverse effect

21
Q

BMR

A

Benchmark Response

percentage increase in response used as point of departure

22
Q

BMD

A

Benchmark dose

dose associated with BMR

23
Q

BMD-L

A

Benchmark Dose -Low

Lowest dose associated with 10% increase in response

24
Q

MOS

A

margin of safety

NOAEL / allowable dose

25
Q

MOE

A

Margin of Exposure

BMD/allowable dose

26
Q

MOE > 100

A

safe for adults

27
Q

MOE > 1000

A

safe for children