Animal science lecture part 4 Flashcards
sensory cells are part of what
afferent neuron
Machanoreceptor receptors
sense pressure and then shrink pr stretch
chemoreceptors
sense chemicals
Thermoreceptors
sense changes in temperature
photoreceptors
sense photons or light waves
Pacinian corpuscle
type of machanoreceptor on skin
Nociceptors
Pain receptors, sense tissue damage including chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, and thermoreceptors
propireceptors
awareness of location in space
-incolves machorecpetors in joints, muscles and tendons
-balance and vision are also apart of this
muscle spindles
-tell your muscles how much they are stretching
-activate afferent neurons
Golgi tendon organs
can tell how much tension is on tendons
where do the afferent neruon enter
the dorsal nerve root
where do the efferent neurons enter
the ventral nerve root
spinal nerve
the converging of the affernt and effent nerves
somatic nervous system
efferent neurons providing VOUNTARY control of the skeletal muscle. both can be part of the reflux arc
autonomic nervous system
efferent neurons providing INVOLUNTARY control of glands, cardiac muscle, the smooth muscle around organs, airways and blood vessels.
Relfex arc
Quick reactions to environemntal stimuli.
Sympathetic nervous system
speeds things up
Parasympatheitc Nevous system
Reduced effector actitivty. Extend from the cranial and sacral regions. “breaks” and the “rest and digest”
Sympatheitc nervous system
Fight or flight. extends from the thoracic and the lumbar regions or the veterbrea
medulla oblongata
part in the brain stem that is the control center for the autonomic nervous system
Ganglion
Rely center for the parasympathetic nervous system
Pre-ganglion
Neurons upstream of the galnglion ACH release
post-ganglion
neurons downstream of the ganglions Noreipiencephien
which have galgion
parasympathetic neurons
what do sympathetic preganglionic neurons release?
acytalcholine
PNS relsease
ach in both ends of the galglion
Craninal Nerve X
is a major route for autonomic neurons to these tissues, aka the vagus nerve
Splanchnic nerve
sympathetic pre-ganglionic neuron that directly enters the adrenal glands and causes it to release epinephrine
Chromaffin cells
release norepinephrine epinephrine into the blood and is on the adrenal gland
what does epinephrine do
really hightens everything, not entended for homestais and is short term
Enteric nervous system
controls the digestive tract without the autonomic nervous system
-consists of two layers of nerves
