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ANIMAL SCIENCE Flashcards

EXAM 1

1
Q

Which of the following is consumed the most in the USA on a per capita basis?
1: Lamb
2: Pork
3: Beef
4: Chicken

A

4: Chicken

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2
Q

Which of the following can mostly be obtained from meat and milk sources?
1: Iron
2: Vitamin C
3: Vitamin B12
4: Amino Acids

A

3: Vitamin B12

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3
Q

Swine are considered to be
1: Omnivore
2: Herbivore
3: Carnivore
4: Pentivore

A

1: Omnivore

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4
Q

List the Compartments of the Ruminant Stomach

A

Rumen ( Paunch), Reticulum( honeycomb). Omasum ( manyplies), Abomasum ( true stomach)

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5
Q

The process of developing a mutually useful relationship between man and animals is called?
1: Taming
2: Domestication
3:Mean
4: Gentling

A

2: Domestication

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6
Q

What is the ruminant organ order?

A

1: Esophagus
2: Rumen
3: Reticulum
4: Omasum
5: Abomasum
6: Small intestine
7: Large Intestine

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7
Q

Which of these are structural carbohydrates?
1: Protein
2: Amino Acids
3: Hemicellulose
4: Starch and Sugar
5: Cellulose

A

3: Hemicellulose
5: Cellulose

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8
Q

Stiff Lamb and white muscle is caused by a deficiency of ?
1: Iron
2: Selenium
3: Phosphorus
4: Calcium

A

2: Selenium

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9
Q

In New Mexico, this is the major contributor to the agricultural economy
1: Sheep
2: Cattle
3: Chile
4: Hay

A

4: Hay

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10
Q

Which animal is not raised on pasture /rangeland as a means to produce meat protein?
1: Goats
2: Swine
3: Sheep
4: Cattle

A

2: Swine

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11
Q

Which of the following are advantages to the rumen microflora?
1: Digest Cellulose
2: Synthesize Amino Acids
3:Synthesize vitamin c and b vitamins
4: All of these

A

4: All of these

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12
Q

What characteristic allows ruminants to convert poor quality forage into nutritious meat and milk?
1: They are selected for meat and milk production
2: Have a true stomach
3: They have a rumen with microorganisms
4: They are mongastrics

A

3: They have a rumen with microorganisms

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13
Q

Which of the following is not part of the chickens digestive tract?
1:Crop
2: Abomasum
3:Esophagus
4: Cecum

A

2: Abomasum

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14
Q

The portion of the feed remaining after water is removed by drying is called
1: Dry Matter
2: Sugar
3: Minerals
4: Ether Extract

A

1: Dry Matter

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15
Q

Which of the following feed ingredients are used primarily to provide protein in livestock rations?
1: Grass Hay
2: Oats
3: Corn
4: Soybean Meal

A

4: Soybean Meal

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16
Q

Absorption is the process of breaking down large complex feedstuffs into simple nutrients
1: True
2: False

A

2: False

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17
Q

A record of an animals ancestry is
1: Breed
2: Species
3: Family
4: Pedigree

A

4: Pedigree

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18
Q

On a worldwide basis, more dietary energy is provided from plant products than animal products
1: True
2: False

A

1: True

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19
Q

All of the following are water soluble vitamins except
1: Vitamin B12
2: Vitamin A
3: Vitamin C
4: Vitamin B6

A

2: Vitamin A

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20
Q

Which farm animal was most likely domesticated last?
1:Sheep
2: Horse
3: Turkey
4: Llama

A

3: Turkey

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21
Q

New Mexico Ranks _______ in dog ownership in the US.
1: 1st
2: 4th
3: 2nd
4: 3rd

A

3: 2nd

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22
Q

What is the primary source of protein reaching the small intestines of the ruminant animals?
1: Rumen microorganisms
2: Urea
3: Feed Protein
4: Minerals

A

1: Rumen microorganisms

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23
Q

A deficiency of calcium is
1: Anemia and Osteomalacia
2: Anemia
3: None Of these
4: Osteomalacia

A

4: Osteomalacia

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24
Q

Which of the following are necessary for proper bone growth?
1:Iodine and Iron
2: Zinc and Potassium
3: Calcium and Phosphorus
4:None of These

A

3: Calcium and Phosphorus

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25
Q

Which is not a class of nutrients?
1: Water
2: Fat
3: Protein
4: Salt

A

4: Salt

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26
Q

Water is known as the________ nutrient
1: Least expensive
2: Least required
3: Hydrogen and Oxygen
4: Secondary

A

1: Least Expensive

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27
Q

Which New Mexico County has the most dairy production?

A

Curry

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28
Q

How many acids are essential?
1: 10
2: 15
3: 20
4: 5

A

1: 10

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29
Q

What is the acronym for the 10 amino acids?

A

PVT TIM HALL

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30
Q

The largest compartment of the ruminant stomach is the_____
1: Reticulum
2: Omasum
3: Rumen
4: Abomasum

A

3: Rumen

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31
Q

The breaking down of large complex feedstuffs into simple absorbable nutrients is
1: Enzyme Activities
2: Absorption
3: Digestion
4: Resorption

A

3: Digestion

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32
Q

How much Vitamin B is required for cattle?
1: 10% lb BW
2: 1% lb BW
3: NONE
4: 2% lb of B

A

3: NONE

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33
Q

A nutrient cant be produced in the body or in sufficent amount is called
1: Needed nutrient’
2: Essential nutrient
3: Necessary nutrient
4: None

A

2: Essential Nutrient

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34
Q

Which of the following animals was domesticated in North America?
1: Donkey
2: Horse
3: Chicken
4: Turkey

A

4: Turkey

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35
Q

What area was likely the site of the first domesticate animals?
1: Mexico
2: Western Asia
3:Europe
4: South America

A

2: Western Asia

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36
Q

A sire is on what part of the family’s side
1: Dad
2: Mom

37
Q

A dam is on what part of the familys side
1: Mom
2: Dad

38
Q

Is red meat nutrient dense
1: Yes
2: No

39
Q

Who consumes more meat on a daily basis?
1: Men
2: Women

40
Q

Where is meat consumed more?
1: In developing countries
2: developed countries

A

2: developed countries

41
Q

What is the most important energy and protein source?

A

Cereal Grains

42
Q

What are the benefits of Grazing livestock?
1: noxious weed control
2: watershed management
3: non mechanical land maintenance
4: fire control
5: maintenance of biological diversity
6: All of the above

A

6: All of the Above

43
Q

Has dog and cat ownership decreased or increased over the years?
1: Increased
2: decreased

A

1: increased

44
Q

What state has the largest pet ownership?
1: NM
2: Arkansas
3: Massachussetts
4: Utah
5: Vermont

A

5: Vermont

45
Q

Which state has the fewest pet ownership?
1: NM
2: Massachussetts
3: Vermont
4: Arkansas

A

2: Massachussetts

46
Q

What state has the most dog ownership?
1: NM
2: Massachussetts
3: Vermont
4: Arkansas

A

4: Arkansas

47
Q

What state has the second most dog ownership?
1: NM
2: Massachussetts
3: Vermont
4: Arkansas

A

1: New Mexico

48
Q

Which state has the fewest dog ownership?
1: NM
2: Massachussetts
3: Vermont
4: Arkansas

A

2: Massachussetts

49
Q

Which state has the most cat ownership?
1: NM
2: Massachussetts
3: Vermont
4: Arkansas

A

3: Vermont

50
Q

What state has the lowest cat ownership?
1: NM
2: Massachussetts
3: Vermont
4: Arkansas
5: Utah

51
Q

Who was the first foodstuff producer?

52
Q

What is a nutrient?

A

A nutrient is any element or compound in a diet of living organisms that support normal functioning of life processes like maintainance, growth, reproduction, lactation and health.

53
Q

What are the 6 classes of nutrients?

A

1: water, minerals, vitamins, proteins, fats, carbohydrates

54
Q

What classes of nutrients are used for energy?
1: Protein
2: Carbohydrates
3: Minerals
4: Fats
5: Water
6: Vitamins

A

1: Protein
2: Carbohydrates
3: Fats

55
Q

What classes of nutrients are used for structure?
1: Protein
2: Carbohydrates
3: Minerals
4: Fats
5: Water
6: Vitamins

A

1: Proteins
3: Minerals
4: Fats
5: Water

55
Q

What classes of nutrients are for regulating hormones and nerves?
1: Protein
2: Carbohydrates
3: Minerals
4: Fats
5: Water
6: Vitamins

A

1: Proteins
3: Minerals
5: Water
6: Vitamins

56
Q

What are the functions of water?
1: Carrier
2: Lubrication
3: Temperature Regulation
4: Constituent of cells
5: Transporter
6: Constituent of bodily products
7: Medium for chemical reactions
8: All of Above

A

8: All of Above

57
Q

What is the ideal water consumption for animals?
1: 10%
2: 20%
3: 50%

58
Q

What contains the most amount of water?
1: Silage
2: Hay
3: Grain

59
Q

What contains the least amount of water?
1: Silage
2: Hay
3: Grain

A

2: Hay
3: Grain

60
Q

What are carbohydrates the main source of?

61
Q

What is CHO stored as ?

62
Q

What are the structural Carbohydrates?
1: Hemicellulose
2: Cellulose
3: Ligin
4: All of the above

A

4: All of the above

63
Q

What are the non structural carbohydrates?
1: Monosacchrides
2: Disacchrides
3: Polysaccharides
4: Starches
5: All of the above

A

5: All of the above

64
Q

There are 2 components to carbohydrates

A

Cell contents : starch
cell wall: true fiber (hemicellulose, cellulose, ligin)

65
Q

What are sources of Carbohydrates
1: Oils ( Soybean oil, corn oil, fish oil)
2: Animal resources ( lard and tallow)
3: All of the above

A

3: All of the above

66
Q

What are proteins?

A

long chains of amino acids

67
Q

what are amino acids

A

the building blocks of protein

68
Q

What are the functions of proteins?
1: repair and replace tissue
2: hair and wool
3: bone
4: muscle
5; All of the Above

69
Q

What are animal sources of protein?

A

Fish meal, feather meal, blood meal

70
Q

what are plant sources of protein?

A

soybean meal, cottonseed meal, distiller grains

71
Q

What percent of protein is nitrogen

72
Q

What are the functions of fats in the body?
1: store energy
2: cushion joints and organs
3: most potent energy source
4: Insulation
5: All of the Above

A

5: All of the above

73
Q

What feed stuffs are high in dry matter?
1: Silage
2: hay
3: grain
4: old pasture

A

2, hay, grain and old pasture

74
Q

What are the Fat Soluble vitamins?
1: A
2: D
3: E
4: K
5: All of the above

A

all of the above

75
Q

What are the water soluble vitamins ?
1: B
2: C
3: All of the above

A

all of the above

76
Q

What are the functions of vitamins?
1: Essential in small amounts and effect metabolism regulation
2: involved in enzyme reactions
3: support nervous , digestive and immune systems
4: Maintain eye, skin and overall health
5: All of the above

A

all of the above

77
Q

What are the sources of vitamins

A

milk, animal body oils carotone, legumes, green leafy vegtables, sun

78
Q

Vitamin K

A

Necessary for proper blood clotting
Deficiency: Hemorrhage

79
Q

Vitamin A Deficiency

A

decreased growth and reproduction

80
Q

Vitamin D

A

Regulates calcium and phosphorus absorption
Osteomalacia

81
Q

How much vitamin k should you add to a 4 year old diet

82
Q

Vitamin E

A

Deficiency: Muscular dystrophy, white muscle, stiff lamb, oxidized milk, retained placenta

83
Q

B Vitamins

A

blood formation, B12, B6, FOLIC ACID, too much is toxic

84
Q

Minerals

A

They are called ASH

85
Q

Vitamin C

A

Deficiency: Scurvy

86
Q

Mineral Functions

A

Skeletal Formation, Muscal Formation, nervous system, enzymes and hormones, acid base balance , osmotic gradient, hemoglobins

87
Q

Salt

A

Deficencies : decreased feed intake, decreased water intake, chew wood, lick dirt, consume posionous plants
KEEP SALT OUT AT ALL TIMES8

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