Animal production Exam 2 Flashcards
What are Llamas and alpacas used for?
High quality/value Fiber
Biological models to study ovulation, superstimulation embryo and fetal development
Where are the highest concentration of Guanaco found?
Patagonia in south america
Where are the highest concentration of Llama in south america?
High andes
Where are the highest concentration of Vicuna?
High Andes
What are some biological characstics of SAC (llamas)?
Digestive system is more efficient (energy from poor forages)
Soft footpad- even toed ungulate
Day-ligth parturition is an adaptation to avoid birthing during cold night time temperatures
Resistence ot hipoxia
Latrines
Fine fibers insulate very well
Ellipical red bullcells
T/F
A High amoutn of llamas are slaughtered for meat.
False;
A high number of llamas ‘is not slaughtered in a slaughter hosue’
At what age do male llamas get slaughtered?
3-4 years
Which has better Fibre?
Alpaca or llama?
Alpaca
What am I?
Lama!
What am I?
Alpaca!
What is Peru the main producer of the world? (main product)
Main fiber producer- Peru
What is the purpose of llamas?
Llamas- meat and pack animals
What is the purpose of alpacas?
FIber and meat- Alpacas
What type of herders are there for alpacas/lamas?
Communites/smallholders
Medium scale farms
Agricultural cooperatives/enterprises- same tech as medium famrs, more developed practices
What is the genus species of the common Turkey?
Meleagris gallopavo
what am I?
Broad Brested Bronze
What am I?
Broad breasted white
What am I?
Beltsville small white
What kind of system are brooding turkeys used in?
All in all out system
(house gets disinfected before each flock)
How are heavy strained brooding turkeys raised?
HEavy strains-> confienment
When do you debeak turkeys?
3-5 weeks old
Who grows longer; Males or female (turkey)?
Males- 22 weeks
Femals- 20 weeks
When are poults moved to confienment houses?
6-8 weeks
How many birds ‘per range’ in turkeys?
Free range- 250-300 birds per acre
Where did ostriches start to be bred?
SOuth africa
1800s (feathers)
What ‘products’ come from Ratites?
Meat, Eggs, Leather; Emus
Which is the largest (of the ratites)?
Ostrich
What are emu’s raised for?
Meat production
T/F
THe male emu is larger than the female
False;
THe female is larger than the male
Which is the smallest of the Ratites?
Rhea
Is the Rhea polygamous or monogamous?
Rhea- polygamus
1 male/ 6 females
How long do teh Ostrich/Emu take to incubate?
Ostrich: 39-59
Emu: 46-56
What are the ‘losses’ to egg incubation. Emu/Ostrich?
A lot
Ostric- 70%
emu- 50-80%
What are Ratites very sensitive to in their enviornment?
Humidity
What should we take care to monitor in the feeding rates of Ratites?
Mold- Ratites are very sensitive to fungi
What is good about Ratite meat?
Low in cholesterol and fat
What problems do arabians ahve?
“bubble boy disease”, Severe Combined immunodeficiency - Autosomal recessive
Lavendar foal syndrome/Coat Color dilution lethal: euthanized within a few days of birth, can’t move
Cerebellar abiotrohy- Purkinje cells
What problems do the American Quarter horse have?
Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis
What problems does the Paint horse have?
Overo Lethal White syndrome (ileocolonic aganglionosis), BLUE EYES
What do Thoroughbred Horses have?
EIPH
Small hoof size to body mass
What problems do Tennessee walking horses have?
Soaring (pain induced gait)
Fought by the Horse protection ACT 1970
What is ERU?
Equine recurrent Uveitis
“moon blindness”
IMmune-mediated Disease
T/F
There are still horse slaughter houses in the US
False;
Last closed down 2007
Which organizations are for Horse meat production?
For:
American Quarter horse association
American Association of equine practitioners
American veterinary medical association
(everything with an acronym)
How many days into pregnancy is this? (Horse)
25-30 days (the other picture is 14-16)
How many months does it take to produce a horse?
11 months
Hyper-immune plasma doners need to be negative of which pathogens?
EIA
EVA
Glanders
Dourine
Piroplasmosis
Brucellosis
When were Bison nearly hunted to extinction?
19th century (300 animals left)
What are Bison Bred for?
Meat production
General characteristics of the Bios?
14 pairs of ribs
Bull: 12 inch long beard, 1500-2000 Lbs, larger horns
Cow: 1000 Lbs
What are the Types of ownership for Bison?
Hobby farm- 25-30
Small producer: 25-100
Medium: 100-250
Large <
What is a good way to move Bison herds?
Move the feed (they follow the leader)
T/F
There is AI managment for Bison
False;
No AI for air-bison
What should Heifer calves be vaccinated for (bison)?
Brucellosis
What is the final finishing weight of bison?
1000-1100 Lbs
What kind of stunning technique do you use for Bison?
Hunting Rifle:
(bolt gun not powerful enough)
What are Red Deer and Elk used for?
Venison
Antler velvet
(Europe and new Zealand)
Describe the Deer/Elk Breeding
Stag:Hind- Deer
Bull:Cow- Elk
Females 16 months
Males 24-30 (productivity declines in 8 years)
1 stag; 40 hinds 1 Bull: 30 cows
When are Dear/Elk slaughtered?
Dear: 14-20 months or 200 lbs
Elk: 14-20 months 450/600 lbs
Describe Velvet production:
2-10 lbs Deer
6-30 lbs Elk
New Zealand and Russia
What is chronic wasting disease?
Contagious neurolgoical disease of deer and elk
Lateral transmission; Feces, urine, salvia
Lesions in the brain- loss of body condition/death
